Nowadays, HIV/AIDS pandemic is a public health problem. Mother-to-child transmission is a major factor in this pandemic worldwide [1]. We have initiated this study to assess the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. This is a prospective, cross-sectional study carried out in the obstetric-gynecology department of the hospital Nianankoro Fomba (HNF) Ségou over a period of 24 months, from June 2014 to May 2016. We have collected 60 cases of HIV-positive women, out of whom 1% of pregnant women and 1.28% of new mothers. The majority were housewives (65%) with an average age of 29.36 years. They were infected with HIV1 in 98.30% associated with opportunistic infections in 21.7% of cases. Immunological status was retained in 71% of patients with CD4 T-cell counts above 350 / mm3, and the average of CD4 count was 401.8947 / mm3. No patient was able to perform the viral load due to the failure of the device. 38.30% of our patients were screened HIV positive during pregnancy and 16.70% during the delivery labor. All our patients have been put on ARV triple therapy. 31.70% of the spouses were not informed of the status of their partners. The difficulties encountered in the follow-up of the children were: loss of sight, breaks in ARVs, non-availability of PCR. These difficulties explained the high rate of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV in our study with 16.98%.

Introduction: The annual number of infertility rate is increasing day by day, globally. The number of infertile couples is estimated at between 60 and 80 million. Objective: Our main aim was to identify the clinical profile of the patients with male infertility. Methodology: This descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in Care Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from January 2019 to December 2019. Study selected 200 male infertile patients from the record book as study participant. Result: The mean age was 36.14 ± 5. The highest no of patients 104 (52%) were in the 35 to 44 years’ age group. The main disturbance was Asthenozoospermia in 59 (29.5%) cases and Diabetes Mellitus11 (5.5%). Conclusion: The study reveals that Asthenozoospermia was the most frequent sperm alteration in male infertile patients. Moreover, patient’s age range from 35-44 years old was the most facing the problem of Infertility in Bangladesh.

Objective: was to take stock of the screening and treatment of precancerous and cancerous lesions of the cervix in the health district of commune V of Bamako in Mali. Patients and Methods: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional, analytical study with retrospectiveand prospective data collection over a period of 08 years from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2017. Results: From January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2017, 42492 women were screened on a target of 174777 women, a frequency of 24.30%. The median age of women screened was 32 years; 25% were under 25 years of age. A similar proportion were over the age of 40. 3/4 of the women screened belonged to the age group of 20 to 49 years. Women aged 55 and over were the least represented by 5.7%. Screening coverage was over 35% among the 25-49 age groups. It was 31.9% and 23.1% among women aged 50 – 54 and 55 – 59 respectively. Screening coverage was less than 15% among 60-year-olds and older. Of the 22842 women screened, 90.1% had a normal cervix at IVA/IVL. However 4.1% cervix positivity to acetic acid and 5.1% positivity to Lugol. 0.7% of the women screened had clinically cancerous lesions. At the anatomo-pathological level, various histological lesions have been observed with regard to precancerous lesions, squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinomas. Indeed, among the women screened 96.5% had a normal cervix with benign lesions. For those with pathological histological results, 2.6% of them had histology with precancerous le sions and 0.8% had squamous cell carcinomas. A low rate of 0.1% of adenocarcinoma was recorded in our series. Conclusion: The improvement of screening indicators with IVA/IVL which does not require large resources is a promising avenue in Africa on which, it can hope for the rate of morbidity and mortality by cervical cancer.

Introduction: Caesarean section is the most common obstetric intervention in the world. The operating wound it causes can experience an unfavourable development. The objective: of this work was to compare the evolution of operative wounds in caesareans with or without dressing. Patients and methods: This was a randomized, open and controlled trial over a period of 5 months from 1st May to 30 September 2019 at the reference health centre in the commune V of Bamako district. Results: The study involved 294 patients, including 147 for each arm. We recorded 30 cases (10.2%) of infection of the operating site, including 13 (8.84%) among patients with no dressing, versus 17 (11.56%) among those with dressing without significant statistical difference (p = 0.25). The average cost of the dressing was estimated at 24,075 CFA francs (48.15 Dollars) for caesarean sections with a dressing and 3,075 CFA francs (6.15 Dollars) for those without a dressing with a difference of 21,000 FCFA (42 Dollars). In sum: We did not find a statistically significant difference in regard to the evolution of the surgical wound in the two attitudes. However, this results in a certain economic interest if the operating wound is not covered with a dressing.

Fungal infections have become more frequent, due to its extension population are at higher risk of utilization and treatment mode that permits long lasting survival of the patients. The histopathological detection of tissues shows fungal invasion of tissues and vessels along with host reaction with fungi and it could be a crucial tool for defining detection significance of positive culture isolates. However, there is very little illustration about morphological features of fungi, which are specific. The histopathologic detection should illustrate fungi and must include presence or absence of tissue invasiveness and host reaction with infection. Although, fungal species associated to genus Candida could result in acute vulvovaginal infection, Candida albicans are significantly more prevalent etiological agent mainly for severe chronic condition named recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC). The recent advancement in pathogenic process and host immune system response to C. albicans had also been seen. Vaginal Candidiasis is known to be one of the common gynecological problems found in females. As it had been seen that half of the women in their lifetime experience suffer from vulvovaginal candidiasis and few with recurrent candidiasis. Cervical and vaginal secretion is the defending tool from ascendant infection pathway spreading. The component that could disturb vaginal environment is endogenous, infectious and iatrogenic factors and is most common factor susceptible for vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC).