Introduction: Sepsis is one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality in newborns, causing about 46% of global under-five child mortality. In sepsis, C - reactive protein (CRP) is elevated and Phosphate levels are low in blood and severity of hypophosphatemia also relates with poor outcome. The present study aims to measure levels of CRP, calcium (Ca), phosphate (P) and Ca:P ratio in cord blood of neonates with or without sepsis. Methods: Cord blood samples of 60 neonates were enrolled for the study. Samples were divided into two groups on the basis of presence or absence of sepsis in first 24 hrs of birth as decided by pediatrician. Measurement of CRP, calcium, phosphate, Calcium: phosphate ratio (Ca:P ratio) was done. Data so collected was analyzed with SPSS 20 software. Results: Neonates with sepsis had significantly high CRP and low phosphate levels in the cord blood. Ca:P ratio showed significant correlation with increasing CRP levels. Factors which did not show any significant correlation between the two groups were serum calcium levels, gestational age, birth weight and mode of delivery. 81.8% of neonates in group 2 (sepsis group) had phosphate level < 8.8 mg/dl(median level). Conclusion: Elevated CRP levels and Hypophosphatemia is present in neonates with sepsis. There is a negative correlation between serum phosphate and CRP levels. CRP has also been proposed as a diagnostic tool being easily measurable, affordable and convenient. Decreased Ca:P ratio should be taken care of while dealing with parenteral nutrition in such neonates. Phosphate levels must be carefully monitored in such cases.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is found in 6-10% of the general population and considered to be a common hormonal disorder in females of reproductive age. It is associated with multiple factors genetic and environmental and has varied morphological and metabolic presentations. Even though insulin resistance is seen in these patients, some are obese while some PCOS patients are lean. This implies a difference in the metabolic characteristics of these patients. Thus, this study was carried out to study the metabolic characteristics and the Insulin resistance.

Background: Minimal access surgery offers patients fewer postoperative complications, shorter hospital stay and better cosmetic results compared to conventional open gynaecological surgeries. Aim and Objectives: To determine the prevalence of gynaecological minimal access surgeries and to determine indications and complications associated with them at UDUTH, Sokoto, Nigeria. Methodology: This was a descriptive retrospective study of all gynaecological laparoscopies and hysteroscopies performed at the Usmanu Danfodiyo from 1st, January 2012 to 31st, December 2016. Result: There were 1,016 gynaecological surgeries over the period with 112 minimal access surgeries given a prevalence of 11.02%. Laparoscopy accounted for 87.1%% while, hysteroscopy was 12.9% of cases. Their ages ranged from 18 to 40 years with a mean of 28.44 ± 4.99 years, and a modal age of 25-34 years (66.6%). Laparoscopy accounted for 87.1% of the minimal access surgeries while hysteroscopy was 12.9%. Secondary Infertility (41.1%) is the most common indication for laparoscopy followed by primary infertility (28.9%) and amenorrhea (15.6%). Asherman’s syndrome (66.6%) is the commonest indication for hysteroscopy followed by secondary infertility (16. 6%).The most common complication was abdominal pain in 13.0% while, the least was uterine perforation in 0.9% among them. Conclusion: Minimal access surgery is a safe, feasible, and less invasive modality for evaluation and treatment of gynaecological pathologies. It has better cosmesis, less complications, and lower cost implication. Therefore, the need for training, retraining and provision of necessary facilities in Nigeria.

This exploratory prospective study evaluated women's responses to questions that asked them to describe how their body image and sexual functioning had changed since their breast cancer diagnosis to treatment. A questionnaire concerning quality of life and various sexual problems experienced after diagnosis and treatment was anonymously completed by 200 women in the Department of Obstetric Gynecology of the University Hospital Center Hassan II of FEZ in MOROCCO. To be eligible, subjects had to be sexually active and had histology proven breast cancer. They also had to have received treatment for breast cancer. Breast cancer and its treatment may result in significant difficulties with sexual functioning and sexual life. Addressing these problems is essential to improve the quality of life of Moroccan women with breast cancer.

Introduction: Over the last 15 years, maternal mortality has declined in most parts of the world. The maternal morbidity burden remains still high for which there is a need for greater awareness about the complications of childbirth. A better understanding helps in lessening the burden and helps in providing better services and to improve health of puerperal women. The aim of this study is to analyse various puerperal morbidities in women delivered at cheluvamba hospital, Mysuru. Method: This is a prospective descriptive observational study, done in cheluvamba hospital, attached to MMC&RI, Mysuru, and Karnataka which is a tertiary care center. The study was done for a period of 12 months duration from november 2016 to october 2017. Parameters studied were age, parity, various puerperal morbidities, mode of delivery, onset of morbidity, risk factors. Results: During the study period, total number of deliveries in Cheluvamba hospital were 11327. cesarean sections were 3136 and total vaginal deliveries were 8191 .out of 11327 women,161 (1.42%) women developed puerperal morbidities. the most common morbidity was wound infection and dehiscence seen in 46 (28.6%) women, followed by breast complications seen in 39(24.2%) women and puerperal pyrexia and respiratory tract infections in 20(12.4%) each. Conclusion: The most common puerperal morbidity is wound related complications. The study showed that there was considerable puerperal morbidity after caesarean section .These complications can be reduced by designing and implementing evidence based and cost effective management guidelines.

The most remarkable demographic features in Islamic societies are the high level of fertility and high unmet demand of contraception. Reproductive health is a matter of discussion among the Islamic countries for the last 40-50 years. Family planning (FP) is a subject of controversy over the Muslim world. Contraceptive prevalence rate among Muslim countries are relatively low compared to rest of the world. Muslims fear that the FP methods are Western intended programme to control the Muslim population .They also fear that the contraceptive methods could be a form of infanticide. This article critically analyse the truth and myths about family planning methods in the Islamic perspective. There is not a single text in the Quran to prohibit the use of contraceptive methods. In fact Islam endorses and encourages the practice of spacing the.

Omphalocele (exomphalos) is one of the most common abdominal wall defects. The size of the defect and the severity of the associated anomalies determine the prognosis, the morbidity and mortality of this pathology. Prenatal screening and diagnosis of the abdominal wall defect and concurrent anomalies is important as it allows for effective prenatal counseling and optimal perinatal management. The purpose of this article is to discuss the approach to prenatal diagnosis and management of omphalocele through two cases reported.

Preterm premature rupture of membranes is one of the most common issues in daily obstetrics practice. PPROM is associated with 30% of neonatal morbidities and mortalities in preterm delivery. Increased PLT consumption causes activation and increased production of PLT, which causes a hypercoagulable state and microcirculatory defects and vascular reactivity in the placental bed, resulting in placental insufficiency and adverse neonatal outcomes. The present study aimed to determine platelet indices in PPROM patients and to evaluate the association between PLT indices and adverse neonatal outcomes. Material and methods: This was a hospital based descriptive study. 130 women with PROM & 130 women without PROM with gestational age between 24 – 36.6 weeks admitted in the labour room for delivery were included in the study. CBC was done for all. Relationship between PLT indices and neonatal outcomes in PPROM cases were analyzed. Results: The mean platelet count in women of study group (224.2 ± 66.43 x103/mm3) was lower than mean platelet count in women of control group (232 ± 71.58 x103/mm3). Mean MPV and PDW were significantly more in study group. There was a weak positive correlation existed between Platelet count and APGAR score and birth weight of the baby. A negative correlation existed between MPV and APGAR and birth weight. Conclusion: Platelet count, MPV and PDW which are simple, economical and rapid to measure, can be used to predict adverse outcome in PPROM.

Background: The Majority (65.3 the respondents had been living in the ‘Katcha’ houses and none of them used to boil water, obtained from Water and Sewerage Authority WASA supply for drinking. Most (88.1) of the children defecated in the open field and almost all of the mothers (99.0) used to defecate in the hanging latrine. More than one-fourth (28.7) of the children had no habit of handwashing after defecation and the majority (69.3) of the mother's used only water for washing hands after defecation. About one-third of the children (32.7) had complaints of diarrhea with abdominal pain in the last 3 months with 44.5 having a history of the expulsion of any type of worm with stool during that time. Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the proportion of under-five children with a parasitic infestation about their mother’s infestation. Method: This descriptive study was conducted among mothers and their under-five children of Vashantek slum, Dhaka Cantonment, Dhaka from March 2003 to June 2003. Results: The prevalence of intestinal parasites was found to be 52.0 (48.5% in children and 55.4 in mothers). The prevalence of Protozoa was 13.2%, for children 15.8% and 10.9% in mothers. Helminthes infestations were found among 39.6% of children and 54.5% mothers. Of the 56 mothers with intestinal parasitic infestations, 66.1 of their children showed positive results. The relative risk of parasitic infestation was 2.478 times higher among the children of the mothers having a parasitic infestation. Of the respondents, 39.6 children and 20.8 mothers had a history of taking anti-helminthic drugs during the last six months. Conclusion: More than half of the study sample has intestinal parasitic infestation with a statistically significant relationship between the parasitic infestation of mothers and children.

The uterine inversion is a rare and severe puerperal complication that may cause maternel death. Fundal placental insertion, uncontrolled cord traction and uterine expression are the common causes described. The diagnosis is clinical and its management must be immediate to avoid maternal complications. We describe a case of acute puerperal uterine inversion occurred after a vaginal delivery complicated by major postpartum haemorrhage in 24 years old primigravida woman, how referred in our unit for delivery which done in ambulance. She has uterine inversion stage IV caused by the only fundal insertion of placenta. Successful non-invasive management was performed and manual reduce of the uterine inversion with Jonhson’s method was attempts.