William Shakespeare's plays are renowned for their portrayal of complex and compelling female characters. In both his tragedies and comedies, Shakespeare challenges traditional gender roles and stereotypes, presenting women who are intelligent, independent, and assertive. This study examines the roles of women in Shakespeare's tragedies and comedies, focusing on the plays "Macbeth," "Hamlet," "Othello," "Twelfth Night," "Much Ado About Nothing," and "A Midsummer Night's Dream." The objective of this study is to analyze the portrayal of women in Shakespeare's tragedies and comedies, exploring how their characters challenge traditional gender roles and stereotypes. The study utilizes a qualitative approach, analyzing the text of the plays to identify key themes and character traits associated with the female characters. The analysis includes a comparison of the portrayal of women in the tragedies and comedies, highlighting differences and similarities in their roles and behaviors. The analysis reveals that women in Shakespeare's tragedies are often portrayed as victims of male ambition and jealousy, while women in his comedies are depicted as witty, intelligent, and independent. Overall, Shakespeare's female characters challenge traditional gender roles and stereotypes, presenting a more nuanced and empowering view of women. Women play crucial roles in Shakespeare's tragedies and comedies, challenging traditional gender roles and stereotypes. The study highlights the importance of considering the context of Shakespeare's time when analyzing his portrayal of women, as well as the enduring relevance of his female characters in modern society.

Since its publication in 2020, Shuggie Bain, the debut novel by Scottish author Douglas Stuart, has attracted scholarly attention for its unique ecological perspective. Utilizing the theoretical framework of eco-criticism and drawing on the tripartite division of ecology proposed by Chinese scholar Lu Shuyuan, this paper provides an in-depth interpretation of the novel Shuggie Bain in three dimensions of natural ecology, social ecology, and spiritual ecology, aiming to reveal the ecological imbalance and human alienation in Glasgow, a major industrial city in Scotland during the 1980s. This interpretation will also provide readers with a new research perspective for analyzing Shuggie Bain, enhancing their understanding of the rich ecological implications of it.

Apply POA to the ideological and political education of English major writing course in China’s Higher Education, try to build an ideological and political teaching model of English major writing course, and take Unit 3 Crime and Justice of EnglishThink: Argumentative Writing as an example to analyze the implementation path that integrates some essential ideological and political elements in the teaching process of “driving, promoting, and evaluating” in POA theory. It is found that the ideological and political education of English writing course from the perspective of POA can expand the scope of POA teaching theory, cultivate the English writing skills and critical thinking abilities of English major students, and improve their humanistic literacy, patriotism, and international vision.

The exploration of masculinity within African literature is rich, yet the application of Antonio Gramsci’s theory of cultural hegemony to scrutinize masculinity and power structures in African literature remains underexplored. Despite the pioneering efforts of scholars, such as Ayodabo and Amaefula, the potential of Gramsci’s theory to unveil the intricate layers of masculinities in African literature, particularly within post-colonial contexts, remains untapped. This research adopts a qualitative methodology, employing critical textual analysis to delve into the nuances of masculinity within Tayeb Salih’s Season of Migration to the North. Extending Ayodabo and Amaefula’s methodological approach, the study draws from Antonio Gramsci’s theory of cultural hegemony to uncover the dynamics of power and resistance within the novel, particularly in the portrayal of male characters and the societal norms that shape their identities. The text offers a profound exploration of colonial encounters and masculine hegemonies, revealing the complexities of power dynamics and struggles shaping the lives of its characters. Through the lenses of Mustafa Sa'eed, the unnamed narrator, and resistant women like Hosna Bint Mahmoud, the novel exposes the construction, maintenance, and contestation of dominant power structures. The portrayal of characters as "subaltern" and "traditional intellectuals" highlights the roles of educated elites in perpetuating or challenging hegemonic masculinity, while women’s resistance underscores the significance of gender and sexuality in this discourse. The study concludes that Season of Migration to the North offers a powerful critique of colonial encounters and masculine hegemonies. By situating the characters within the historical and cultural context of postcolonial Sudan, the novel underscores the ongoing legacy of colonialism and the need for social change. It also acknowledges the complexities and limitations of resistance, leaving space for further exploration of themes like intellectual agency, gender politics, and the ongoing struggles for liberation. This research contributes to the growing body of scholarship on masculinity in African literature and demonstrates the potential of Gramscian theory to illuminate the intricacies of power, identity, and resistance within this domain.