This article examines the essence of categorising energy forms and legislative instruments at the international level in an explicit manner in order to identify the causes, challenges and possible ways forward in the energy sector in general and Cameroon in particular. This article focuses on energy forms precisely on renewable energies that are environmentally friendly when compared to fossil fuels. In consequence to this, it should immediately be pointed out that, with the advent of climate change and its diverse negative consequences on man and the environment, it becomes vital to categorise the various forms of energies and spotlight amongst others their merits and pitfalls. This is because the energy sector in any country is vital at every ramification for any significant growth. A fundamental recommendation to this effect is that all states should take on board the utility of energy especially renewable energy in by integrating them in their various national laws.

The vitality of the ocean as concerns navigation, mineral resource extraction, environmental protection and national security cannot be over emphasised. The strategic and indispensable importance of the ocean has resulted in conflicts between countries over its control. This is further exacerbated with the commencement and operationalisation of offshore mining. The practicality and legality in the exercise of jurisdiction in maritime zones such as the Exclusive Economic Zone and the Continental Shelf have been met with stiff resistance in some circumstances. This article therefore seeks to determine and evaluate the legal dispensations permitting Cameroon to legislate and enforce its national laws in the maritime zones beyond its territorial sovereignty. To effectively do this, this research adopts both the empirical and doctrinal research methodology, making use of both primary and secondary data. The legal and genetic methods were used to analyse the data. The research concludes that, the sovereign rights enjoyed by Cameroon over the Exclusive Economic Zone and the Continental Shelf are legally backed by both international and national laws. However, these rights are limited to exploration, exploitation, conservation and management of maritime resources, with third States enjoying some freedoms over these maritime zones. The freedoms include navigation, overflight, laying of submarine cables and pipelines within these maritime zones as long as these third States comply with the sovereign rights of the State of Cameroon. It is therefore recommended that, the existing sectoral laws adopted by Cameroon over these maritime zones should be rigorously implemented and enforced in order to ensure uniformity and compliance.