Cross-border cooperation today is considered as a pivotal element in addressing contemporary challenges such as drugs trafficking, smuggling, terrorism, and transnational organized crimes across international borders. It is believed that no country can unilaterally ensure the security of it borders alone without cooperation between countries that share a common border. The institution of a one stop border post between Cameroon and Nigeria at their joint borders in Ekok and Mfum is considered as a sign of cooperation existing between the two countries. Various legal mechanisms have been developed by International Organisations seeking to advocate for cross-border cooperation as a sine qua non factor in ensuring border security. This paper focuses principally on the World Customs Organization’s concept of Coordinated Border Management which is anchored on cross-border cooperation as a legal mechanism in mitigating customs risks. It examines some practical dimensions of cross-border cooperation between customs administrations and other border agencies at the domestic and across the border, and their possible role towards ensuring border security at Ekok and Mfum. This work concludes that compliance with some of the key principles governing cross-border cooperation such as joint border security patrol, intelligence sharing, joint capacity building, use of common facilities, and memoranda of understanding, information technology, will go a long way to mitigate customs risks. This work employs both a doctrinal research methodology based on content analysis of primary and secondary data, as well as empirical research methodology based on focused group discussion.

Illicit trade is a global phenomenon that undermines public security, erodes legitimate business activity, jeopardizes public health, threatens biodiversity and ecosystems, and deprives governments of the necessary resources to finance investments projects. International trade law provides an effective legal and enforcement mechanisms to combat illicit trade. This work seeks to examine the role of international trade law adopted by Cameroon at the international, regional and national levels, and their contribution towards combatting illicit trade. At the international level, it focuses principally on international trade law adopted under the auspices of the World Customs Organisation’s Revised Kyoto Convention of 2006 and the SAFE Framework of Standards of 2005. The reason being that the World Customs Organisation’s legal instruments offer a strong framework to combat illicit trade. This paper identifies the various challenges inherent in implementation, and concludes that compliance with the adopted international trade norms can go a long way to combat illicit trade. This work employs a doctrinal research methodology based on primary and secondary sources of data and empirical based on Focused Group Discussion.

Cameroon's legal system is characterized by dual land tenure systems: the customary, which is widely practiced and rooted in traditional norms, and the statutory, which is codified in law. This duality often leads to conflicts, as individuals and communities grapple with competing claims over land rights. The inadequacy of existing legal frameworks to address these disputes effectively results in protracted conflicts, social unrest, and hindered economic development. Worthy of note is that, the settlement of disputes relating to titled lands in Cameroon is stationed by the Land Consultative Board, Common Law Courts (judiciary) and the Administrative Courts. This paper therefore, aimed at exploring the current landscape of land disputes settlement, emphasizing the pressing need for legal reforms and mechanisms that ensure equitable resolution available to individuals and communities. In order to achieve the desired objective, a doctrinal research methodology which involved both primary and secondary sources of data was employed. Against this backdrop, we therefore, recommend that the government should strengthen Dispute Resolution Mechanisms by enhancing the capacity of the Land Consultative Board to handle disputes effectively, providing it with adequate resources and training. The government should also improve access to administrative and common law courts for land dispute resolution, particularly for marginalized groups. This will help bridge the gap between theory and practice concerning the settlement of titled lands in Cameroon.

The international criminal law is a rich and varied subject bearing upon most of the great issues facing individual and international community. The paper aims at examining the role of international criminal court (ICC) in combatting crime against humanity and genocide. The study is designed to assess the parts played by the international criminal court in combating crime against humanity and genocides as well as challenges face by the international criminal court. To achieve this objective, we make use of primary and secondary method of data collection and analysis. Our findings revealed that, the international criminal court is not effective in combatting genocide and crime against humanity due to numerous challenges. Against this backdrop, we therefore, recommend among others that, all nations should subscribe to the ICC Statute and extend their whole-hearted support for the prosecution and related activities of the ICC especially joint investigation to establish evidence of genocides and crimes against humanity as well as diplomatic channels to deter and respond to emerging threats of genocide and crime against humanity. This and others will go a long way in curtailing the weakness of the international criminal court in combating genocide and crime against humanity.

This article is devoted to the Iraqi legal framework for extradition (passive and active). It is compared to foreign and international laws on this most important and difficult modality of international judicial cooperation in criminal matters. The research examines the peculiarities of both treaty-based and extra-treaty extradition from and to Iraq. It reveals the major weaknesses of Iraqi law on extradition and offers tentative recommendations to overcome them by improving legislation and through practical work.

This work is about comparing trends of population growth and number of legislative laws adopted. Number legislative laws adopted per year reflect growing aspirations of a growing population of a people centric society. A deviation from the population growth trajectory could be mostly due to internal issues affecting legislation of laws; which needs to be studied.