Objective: Dorsalis pedis artery represents the continuation of anterior tibial artery distal to level of ankle joint. The dorsalis pedis angiosome encompasses the entire dorsal aspect of foot through its branches eg. Medial tarsal, Lateral tarsal, Arcuate and 1st dorsal metatarsal arteries. Dorsalis pedis artery variation have been reported in past. Evaluation of dorsalis pedis artery pulsation is useful clinical test for assessing peripheral arterial diseases. Dorsalis pedis artery is the main source of blood supply to foot. Knowledge about origins, course, distribution and branching pattern is important for angiographers, vascular surgeons and reconstructive surgeons who operate upon these region. Method: Study of dorsalis pedis artery was done in forty dissected lower limbs of unknown sex and age from department of anatomy, PDUMC, RAJKOT. Result: In our study normal course and branching pattern of dorsalis pedis artery was found in 87.5% cases. Variation in branching pattern of dorsalis pedis artery was found in 12.5% cases. Conclusion: Variable branching pattern of dorsalis pedis artery is common. Therefore, a thorough knowledge of anatomy of dorsalis pedis artery is of prime importance to Radiologists, Surgeons and Anatomist.

Objectives: Carcinoma of the breast has commanded the interest of all the disciplines of medicine by magnitude and serious consequences of the lesion. In India the incidence of the disease is low in comparison to western countries. Cancer of the breast is the commonest cancer - affecting woman worldwide. The objective of this study is to determine the relative frequency of genetic abnormality in cases of Breast carcinoma. Methods: The present study includes observations of 25 cases diagnosed as breast carcinoma from Gujarat cancer and research institute and Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad, during the year of 2014-15. About 30 metaphase plates were observed in each case and finally, a photograph was obtained from a good quality metaphase slide. Correlation of chromosomal finding was done with similar studies done in past. Results: The findings in present study suggest no structural and/or numerical chromosomal abnormality was detected in peripheral blood lymphocytes of any patients. Conclusion: The Karyotypic study helps to find out some numerical as well as structural chromosomal abnormalities and also useful in implementing a cost effective management of detecting early breast cancer in family members and to provide them with necessary preventive measures and treatment.

Teaching embryology seems to be a valuable part of the medical education and remains significant for facilitating undergraduates to appreciate the birth defects. In health care professional studies, self-directed learning (SDL) is considered an indispensable learning parameter. Numerous attempts have been made to compare lecture with alternative forms of self-directed learning. Objectives of the present study are – 1.To compares the effectiveness of self-directed learning with didactic lectures in learning embryology among first year medical students, 2.To assess the perception of students towards self-directed learning. This was a comparative study conducted on 80 Phase I MBBS students of Mamata Medical College. They were divided into 2 batches (Batch A and B) of 40 each. On the first day, Batch A was given a didactic lecture, while Batch B underwent a self-directed learning session with all the study materials provided. A pre and post-test questionnaire was administered. On the second day, the batches were reversed and another similar topic was dealt with. Perception towards Self-directed learning was collected using a pre-validated questionnaire. A paired t-test comparing both methods showed that the scores following self-directed learning were more compared to didactic lectures. Students choose self-directed learning as it improves the understanding of the subject and helps to clear up doubts. Embryology should be taught by different methods at the right level & context.