Anencephaly is a severe anomaly of the brain that results from the failure of the cephalic part of the neural tube to close during the fourth week of pregnancy. In anencephaly, the mortality rate is 100% during intrauterine life or within hours or days after birth. Its prevention is based on supplementation with folic acid during pregnancy. We report a case of complicated anencephaly with death of the fetus in the womb of a young woman who didn’t take folic acid during her pregnancy.

The low insertion of the medial arcuate ligament is a rare topographical form which is the cause of an extrinsic compression of the coeliac trunk. In its asymptomatic form, its research is necessary if interventional radiology or above- meso-colonic surgery is required at the risk of compromising the evolution of vascular and/or pancreatico-bilio-digestive therapeutic gestures. The authors report a case of inserted and compressive low medial arcuate ligament of the coeliac trunk.

Introduction: Pregnancy is a physiological process. Preeclampsia is the commonest complication during pregnancy. This condition might severely affect the health of mothers and their newborns. Newborn of mothers with preeclampsia are more liable for intrauterine growth retardation and may be delivered prematurely. Aim of the Study: The aim of this study was to evaluate the platelet count and mean platelet volume in newborn of preeclamptic mother. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh from January 2017 to December 2017. Total 60 newborns were included in this study. The subjects were divided into 2 groups. Group A (Study group): Thirty (30) newborns of preeclamptic mother and Group B (Control group): Thirty (30) newborns of healthy pregnant mother. The subjects were selected from Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka on the basis of exclusion and inclusion criteria. Five (5) ml. of cord blood was collected from each newborn after delivery and was analyzed for Platelet count and mean platelet volume. These parameters were estimated in the Department of Hematology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka. Data were collected in pre- designed structured questionnaire form by the researcher herself. For statistical analysis Unpaired Student’s “t” test, Chi Square test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) test were performed as applicable using SPSS for windows version 16.0. p value <0.05 was accepted as level of significance. Results: The mean (± SD) platelet count was 164.77 ± 79.44 × 103/µl and 212.83 ± 54.04 ×103/µl in group A and B respectively. In this study, the mean (±SD) platelet count was lower in group A in comparison to that of group B which was statistically significant (p<0.001). The mean (± SD) platelet volume was 8.90±1.15 fl and 8.30±1.45 fl in group A and B respectively. In this study, the mean (±SD) platelet volume was higher in group A in comparison to that of group B which was not statistically significant. Maternal systolic blood pressure showed negative correlation (- 0.952) with platelet count of newborn in preeclamptic mother, which was statistically significant (p<0.001). Maternal diastolic blood pressure showed negative correlation (- 0.960) with platelet count of newborn in preeclamptic mother, which was statistically significant (p<0.001). Maternal systolic blood pressure showed negative correlation (-0.973) with mean platelet volume of newborn in preeclamptic mother, which was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Maternal diastolic blood pressure showed negative correlation (-0.964) with mean platelet volume of newborn in preeclamptic mother, which was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: From the findings of the study, it can be concluded that the platelet count of newborn of preeclamptic mother was significantly lower in comparison to newborn of healthy pregnant mother but they were within normal range. This difference was significantly related to severity of maternal blood pressure. But there was no statistically significant difference in mean platelet volume between the groups. There was no statistically significant relation of mean platelet volume to maternal blood pressure.

A plethora of medicinal plants have been shown to improve memory, cognition, and intelligence. Zingiber officinale (Ginger) and Cannabis sativa (Marijuana) have been shown to affect memory, cognition, and intelligence too. This study aimed at comparing the effects of Zingiber officinale and Cannabis sativa on learning and memory was carried out in Swiss mice. The mice were randomly divided into 3 groups of 15 animals each. Group 1 (control) were fed mice feed. Group 2 (ginger group) were fed with a ginger-laced diet containing ginger and mice feed at a percentage ratio of 5:95. Group 3 (marijuana group) were fed with a marijuana-laced diet containing marijuana and mice feed at the percentage ratio of 5:95. All mice were fed for 14 days and given water to drink daily. Daily food and water intake were recorded. The mice were evaluated for learning and spatial memory using novel object recognition tests and data obtained were subjected to ANOVA and T test respectively. The result showed that the Zingiber officinale group showed significantly better memory as seen by an increase in the recognition index when compared to the other groups. This shows that Zingiber officinale shows positive effects on cognition than Cannabis sativa at the same dose.

Wormian bones, otherwise ‘Sutural’ bones, are accessory bones within or near cranial sutures. They are mostly found on lambdoid sutures and can be one or more in each suture. This study is aimed at examining the incidence and frequency of Wormian bones in the dry adult cadaveric skull in Rivers State, Nigeria. Forty-three (43) dry adult skulls were examined for the presence, number, and location of Wormian bone. Thirty-seven (37) of the skulls were from the osteological collections of the Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Science, University of Port Harcourt, and six (6) from the osteological collections of the Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Rivers State University. 13 (30.23%) of the calvarias had Wormian bones while sutural bones were absent in 30 (69.77%0). 8 (61.53%) calvarias with Wormian bones had sutural bones in the lambdoid suture; with 3 (23.08%) on the left arm and 5 (38.46%) on the right arm of the lambdoid suture. 2 (15.38%) of the calvarias with Wormian bone had sutural bone in the sagittal suture and 3 (23.08%) had Wormian bones in the lambda (Inca bone). The knowledge of incidence of Wormian bone and their calvaric distribution as described in this study is essentially useful to the Anatomist, Radiologist, Pediatrician, and Surgeon in their daily practice, as well as in forensic medicine.