Changes in the renal arteries are common in the general population with ethnic differences. Objective: List the different anatomical varieties of the renal artery in melanoderms living in Benin. Methods: This was a retrospective study from March 1, 2016 to April 31, 2017, which is 14 months. The study population consisted of all injected abdominal CT scans clearly demonstrating the renal artery and its branches. Results: 155 abdominal CT scans were revisited, 308 renal pedicles were virtually dissected showing 339 renal arteries. The average age was 50.33 ± 17 years with extremes of 13 and 83 years. The sex ratio was 0.92. The medium caliber of the aorta at the origin of the first renal artery was 16.7 ± 3mm. It was also noted two (02) cases of single kidney located at the right and 153 pairs. The medium renal length was 97.08 ± 11.08 mm, the width 49.28 ± 8.21 mm and the average thickness 49.53 ± 9.53 mm. The prevalence of changes in the number of renal arteries was 9.4%. In more detail, the number of renal arteries are ranged from one to three. They were unique in 90.1% of cases, double in 8.7% and triple in 0.6% of cases. These variations were not related to any of the dependent variables in this study. Conclusions: Numerical variations of the renal arteries are frequent among melanoderms living in Benin. They have multiple diagnostic and therapeutic interests, hence the need for their knowledge by doctors.