The purpose of this study was to determine the application of Total Quality. Management using the QC 7 Tools method at PT. XYZ. PT. Koito Indonesia is a company engaged in the manufacturing industry in the manufacture of lighting products. The analytical method used in this study is a quantitative method. PT. XYZ which has a very high Defect Rate in the Molding section. With a high Defect Rate situation in the Molding area it is necessary to reduce the high manufacturing defect so that it can improve the quality of the company measured in a Key Performance Indicator. Waste of defective products that occur in the Molding section is detrimental to the company and reduce the company's performance.

Plant genetic engineering raises exaggerated expectations and induces fear in parts of the population. Plants, like all other known living organisms, pass on their traits using DNA. Plants however are unique from other living organisms in the fact that they have chloroplasts. Genetic modification has been the cause for much research into modern plant genetics, and has also lead to the sequencing of many plant genomes. The gene gun method is also referred to as "biolistics" (ballistics using biological components). This technique is used for in vivo (within a living organism) transformation and has been especially useful in monocot species like corn and rice. Transformation via Agrobacterium has been successfully practiced in dicots, i.e. broadleaf plants, such as soybeans and tomatoes, for many years. Extract of the plants has ability to protect the cells of the DNA from the attack of the chemicals, xenobiotics and other compounds that damages the cells. Free radicals when in the excess concentration, cause severe damage to nitrogen bases of the specific region of the DNA which ultimately damaged due to large chain of the free radicals.

For centuries, mankind is dealing with deadly infectious diseases. Broad-spectrum antibiotics are commonly used against these bacterial infections. However, due to the excessive use of antibiotics, several bacteria have developed resistance against these therapies. Many advanced methods are being developed to overcome this issue, wherein bacteriophage therapy is included at the top of the list. Bacteriophages are “bacteria-eating viruses”, have more sensitivity, specificity, host range, and efficacy than antibiotics, and are now being used as an antibiotic replacer in different food items, guarding pregnancy, treating surgical wounds, and protecting aquaculture. Bacteriophages are currently being synthesized and commercialized in all three; solid, liquid, gas forms. Due to continuous mutation in bacterial genomics, different modifications are being applied, like crisper and endolysin that increase the efficiency of bacteriophages and decrease the survival probability of the bacteria to its minimal level. The current text will elaborate on the recent advancements and applications of bacteriophage therapy in eliminating bacterial infections, especially in the food and aquaculture industry, and due to its increased therapeutic applications, considered to be a strong candidate to prove its true potential.

Biosensor is the system which is generally consists of the system which recognizes the biological samples in appropriate manner. Bio receptor makes interaction with the analytic and transducer help in the amplification of the signals and measureable signals can be displayed on the screen in the form of the electrical signals. Bio-receptor is a biological molecule such as the enzyme, antibody, protein, and nucleic acid which is commonly present in the living organism which is used in the recognition of the biological molecule. Different techniques play as the key role in the technologies for the specificity, for seeking the measurement analyte make interaction with the electrode of the sensor. Biological signal based Biosensor can be categorized as Immuno-biosensor, Enzyme Based biosensor, Nucleic acid /DNA based biosensor and Cellular based biosensor. In the body with the high specificity and the sensitivity the ability of to detect the physiological and the pathogenic related molecules offers a opportunity which is very powerful and helpful in the treatment of the disease with the early diagnosis. The metals such nickel, cobalt which play essential role and act as the catalyst and also stabilize the structure of biological molecule such as the bacterial cell wall and the proteins. The metals in the high concentration cause the toxicity in the blood.

Increased uses of microbial enzymes in cheese processing are largely responsible for the use of enzymes in dairy industry, which is the next largest application industry followed by the beverages industry. Microbial enzymes such as fructosyltransferase, laccases, amylases, lipase, and cholesterol oxidase, as well as their potential applications in various industries. GUS in the form of β-glucuronidases acting as main gut enzyme have been sued in the pharmaceutical and clinical trials for testing the drugs toxicity prior their use in the human body. Amylase is the most important microbial enzyme that involved in the digestion of starch into small molecules of sugars. Amylase obtained from microorganisms usually less expensive and catalyzed the breakdown of starch in effective ways while the amylase obtained form plants as well as other animals required lots of chemicals and other microbial process for their separation, purification as well as their characterization. Submerged fermentation is the cultivation of microorganisms in liquid nutrient broth. Industrial enzymes can be produced using this process. In a batch process, all nutrients are provided at the beginning of the cultivation, without adding any more in the subsequent bioprocess.

The contribution of various sectors to Nigeria's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) was investigated in this report, as well as the creation of a model for forecasting Nigeria's GDP over a 33-year period (1981-2013). Regression analysis and time series analysis were used to analyze data from the Central Bank of Nigeria. The regression results show a positive relationship between the three sectors: Agricultural, Industrial, and Service, with only the Industrial and Service sectors contributing significantly with coefficients of 0.286 and 0.631, respectively, while the contribution of the Agricultural sector is not significant with a coefficient of -0.039, implying that the service sector contributes the most. The agricultural sector makes a negligible contribution. A time domain model (fundamental approach) based on the Box Jenkins approach was used to forecast Gross Domestic Product for the period 1981 to 2013 using the ARIMA model in a developing country like Nigeria. The outcome shows an upward trend, and the series' first difference was stationary, indicating that the series was I (1). ARIMA was found to be the best model for explaining the series using expert modelers (1, 1, 0). The diagnosis on such a model was verified, the error was white noise, there was no serial correlation, and a 10-year forecast was made, indicating that GDP would continue to rise over the forecasted time period.

Bioethics involves the objective assessment of how others, including animals and the environment, are affected by our values, desires, and actions. Bioethics covers global ethics, a field that focuses on the connection between biology, ecology, medicine, and human values. In this study, the understanding of research ethics information among students at the University of Benin was determined; we accessed the research ethics training knowledge base to understand constraints on the proper use of bioethics and research ethics. We also have access to the knowledge transfer rate of research ethics training conducted at the University of Benin; and the level of understanding of ethics compared between different fields of study. Findings from the study indicated that the respondents performed better (x ̅= 16.77, SD = 3.36) after they were exposed to ethics training, Results showed that there is a statistically significant and positive relationship between students’ academic qualification and ethics knowledge/practice (r = 0.26; p < 0.05), Similarly, there is a statistically significant and direct relationship between students’ research experience and their ethics knowledge (r = 0.19; p < 0.05). However, the model does not reliably predict research ethics knowledge and practice [F (6, 103) = 1.919, p > 0.05].