The aim of the present essay is to present a literature review on the contribution of morphological awareness to reading and spelling ability of typically developing children and children with dyslexia. Inflectional morphological awareness is acquired early on children’s oral language. During course of written language acquisition morphological awareness contributes to reading and spelling ability of normally developing children in combination to phonological awareness. Several issues such as course of acquisition of inflection and derivational morphology in oral and written language are well documented in English language and presented in this paper.

Background: Pregnancy induced hypertension is most common hypertension in expectant women after 20 weeks growing the risk of subsequent hypertension, ischemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease. Reduced renovation of the spiral artery is particularly being well-thought-out as a cause failing. Maternal hypertension effects placental insufficiency, which can disturb the nutrition and the oxygen supply to the fetus. In hypertensive mothers, the potential of placental insufficiency is raised leading to intrauterine growth retardation but peak systolic velocity of middle cerebral artery has no reference value for our population. No matter, Ultrasonography can examine dynamically in real-time. However, the sonographic criteria in practice have no clear-cut numerical value to label IUGR. Objective: To compare peak systolic velocity of fetal middle cerebral artery among normotensive and hypertensive mothers. Setting: The data was collected from the following setups of Pakistan. 1) Mushtaq Medical Imaging Sargodha. 2) PAF Hospital Lahore. Materials and methods: The study was conducted after the approval of ethical committee of the University of Lahore. All patients were enrolled in this study after signing the informed consent form. Toshiba Xario with convex transducer of frequency 3-5 MHz was used. Fetal Middle cerebral artery indices were measured by Pulsed and Power Doppler through trans-abdominal scan. A cross sectional analytical sampling technique was used and data was further analyzed with the help of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version twenty-four (SPSS 24, International Business Machines, Armonk, NY, the United States of America). Results: Among 137 patients, 60(43.8%) patients were hypertensive with mean PSV of the MCA, 35.63 cm/s and 77 (56.2%) normotensive patients with mean PSV of 36.64 cm/s. Conclusions: Peak systolic velocity of fetal middle cerebral artery in hypertensive mothers is less than that of Normotensive mothers.

This research paper, we present the first programming environment and modeling language which integrates inheritance within a computer algebra language. This environment and language, called Object Math (Object oriented Mathematical language for scientific computing), is currently being used for industrial applications in advanced mathematical economic analysis, but is generally applicable to other areas. Using Object Math, it is possible to model classes of equation objects, to support inheritance of equations, and to solve systems of equations. The Object Math environment is designed to handle realistic problems. This is achieved by allowing the user to specify transformations and simplifications of formulae in the model, in order to arrive at a representation which is efficiently solvable. Such algebraic transformations can conveniently be supported since Object Math models are translated into the Mathematica computer algebra language. When necessary, equations can be transformed to C++ code for effic.