Honey is a naturally occurring material made by honeybees from the sweet, savory nectar of flowers. Humans have consumed honey for a very long time, making it the oldest sweetener and health food. Honey was mentioned in Egyptian, Indian, and Chinese texts as early as 5500 BC. It is renowned for its therapeutic and nutritional properties brought on by beneficial elements that are strongly connected to its flower origin. Although the basic variation in honey composition is due to the floral source, other elements such as the season, the environment, and the processing conditions also have a role. The sensory, chemical, physical, and microbiological properties of honey are mostly linked to its quality. Honey should indicate the minimum quality standards to be marketed as honey or employed as an ingredient in products for human consumption. Physico-chemical characteristics including pH, water content, ash content, HMF and EC parameters were analyzed which showed that Pakistani honey is under the limits. Additionally, the limited presence of heavy metals was also seen within the range. Pakistani honey is one of the best honeys to be used for raw consumption as well as raw material for any value-added products.

Vitamins are organic substances that the body need; it obtains and absorbs them from plants and animals. Cobalamin, another name for vitamin B12, is a substance that belongs to the cobalamin family. Deficiency of cobalamin affects the heart uses energy, causing arrhythmia and enlargement of the left ventricle, demyelination, causing neurological symptoms such as numbness, tingling, and difficulty walking Apathy, anorexia, irritability, growth retardation, and developmental regression. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality in developed countries. It was determined that B12 is an essential micronutrient for a healthy brain in young people and the elderly. Various conditions are responsible for B12 deficiency. If there is a nutritional shortfall, prompt and appropriate supplementation is required. This supplementation can prevent the damage to nervous system. Deficiency may leads to cognitive decline and vascular risk factors in neuropsychiatric disorders, cardiovascular disease, and heart fail. Some cardiovascular or psychological disorders are related to anxiety, dementia and depression, heart attack which can be improved with B12 supplementation.

Digital marketing is essential to the travel and hospitality industries. These days, it's a helpful tool for creating digital brand names and attracting and retaining clients. It has been demonstrated that using digital technology to implement marketing strategies, such as influencer marketing, social media marketing, and search engine optimization, benefits businesses. Through the process of monitoring customer behavior and assessing their preferences, digital marketing allows businesses to offer personalized and engaging content that encourages online referrals. Digital technology must be included into a number of sectors, including operations, services, communications, revenue management, distribution, and marketing, for the industry to be stimulated and reinvigorated. Hotel businesses need to reevaluate their current economic models and embrace digital marketing as an essential tool if they are to expand. The aim of the current research is to search the keywords in the database dimensions and creating co-occurrence mapping using VOSviewer software. Finally, the importance of digital marketing in tourism and hospitality industry is researched using research database and presented using term co-occurrence mappings.

Natural products are valuable source of pharmacological substances, and traditional herbal medicine is the source of many modern drugs used in pharmacotherapy. Many plant species belonging to the Asteraceae and Lamiaceae families are used as medicines for various ailments. The Satureja species has analgesic, antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, and vasodilatory qualities. Many kinds of modern drugs, such as aspirin, are derived indirectly from medicinal herbs. Many food crops have medicinal qualities, such as garlic. Among the many naturally occurring phenolic compounds found in herbal plants is ferulic acid (FA). The most harmful environmental stress that is thought to reduce agricultural productivity more than any other is drought. Drought stress, for example, inhibits plant growth because water is necessary for cell turgor, which is the force that a confined liquid applies to cell walls to induce cells to enlarge. All stages of a plant's life cycle, including seed germination, seedling development, vegetative growth, and blooming, are significantly impacted by salinity. Energy transfers, plant maturity, fruiting, and seed formation are all significantly influenced by phosphorus.