Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a condition brought on by a virus (Nairovirus) that is spread by ticks and is a member of the Bunyaviridae family and the genus Hayalomma. This virus could travel across the Hayaloma genus. This species maintains two host-life cycles, changing from a larva to a nymph on its first host, which can be a tiny animal like a bird, and then from adult stages to humans, which serve as the second host. Currently, 27 distinct Hyalomma species are recognized. Geographically, CCHFV is spread throughout Asia, the Middle East, Southern Europe, and Africa, all of which have large tick populations. This virus is capable of spreading both horizontally and vertically. Animals like sheep, goats, cattle, and hares may act as hosts or reservoirs for the virus. Humans can contract this virus by coming into touch with infected ticks or animal blood. Due to contact with bodily fluids or infectious blood, medical personnel are most vulnerable in endemic areas. This virus can cause symptoms such as high fever, joint discomfort, headache, back pain, vomiting, and stomach pain in infected individuals. To identify this virus, scientists employ the ELISA and RT-PCR methods. The medicine ribavirin and some readily available vaccinations can also be used to treat this virus. The effectiveness of using the vaccines and medications that are now available to treat this virus cannot be proven. The effectiveness of the vaccine to protect against this virus was investigated using a small animal model, such as a knockout mouse.

Derecho windstorms are extreme weather events capable of causing catastrophic damage to agricultural systems across the U.S. Midwest. Using methodologies relevant to Indigo Agriculture's precision farming approach, this case study applies advanced remote sensing techniques to examine the significant impacts of the August 2020 Derecho windstorm on agricultural fields in Boone County, Iowa, using Sentinel-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data. The research quantifies damage extent across crop types with particular focus on corn and soybean fields, analyzes damage severity patterns, and investigates spatial variability of impacts. SAR imagery acquired 5 days post-windstorm revealed detectable changes in backscatter values attributable to structural damage in crops, allowing for comprehensive damage assessment across the study area. Results demonstrate variable damage patterns both within and between crop types, with corn exhibiting greater susceptibility to wind damage than soybeans due to structural differences. The analysis identified 1-10% backscatter variations in control points, while damaged areas displayed more significant deviations. While multiple factors potentially influence backscatter values, including soil moisture conditions, vegetation maturity, crop growth stage, and environmental changes, the temporal proximity of image acquisition to the windstorm event supports the attribution of observed changes to wind damage. This research demonstrates approaches applicable to Indigo Agriculture's precision agriculture services and contributes valuable insights for agricultural risk assessment and disaster management while showing the efficacy of SAR data for rapid post-windstorm crop damage evaluation. The methodology presented can inform future applications of remote sensing in monitoring agricultural disaster impacts, supporting more targeted response and recovery efforts in affected farming communities, and enhancing agricultural technology companies' damage assessment capabilities.