Background to the study: The use of insecticides have been encouraged in most Nigerian homes in the eradication of insects that could harm humans despite the side effects of exposure to these insecticides. The study aim was to examine the toxic effect of inhaled dichlorvos (DDVP) on the histological architecture of the testes of wistar rats on short-term exposure. Methods: Twenty (20) albino male wistar rats weighing 140g – 180g were recruited for this research and were randomly placed into four (4) groups of five (5) rats per group. Group 1 was control group, while groups 2 – 4 were given 10ml DDVP/90 ml distilled water – v/v, 20ml DDVP/80 ml distilled water – v/v and 40ml DDVP/60 ml distilled water – v/v, respectively. At completion of exposure, rats were anaesthetized with chloroform, sacrificed and their testes were harvested for routine histopathology procedure. The stained sections were morphologically evaluated and the pictures of the slides compared. Photomicrographs were obtained with the aid of Am-scope camera fitted on an Açu-scope microscope. Results: Results obtained from the control group showed that the testes presented with a normal histological make-up depicted by the presence of normal seminiferous tubules, no signs of germ cell distortions. However, experimental groups showed graded levels of degenerative changes in germinal layers of the seminiferous tubules as well as notable vacuolations. Conclusion: It can be concluded that prolonged exposure to dichlorvos inhalation could be toxic to the reproductive system of male wistar rats.

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the important crops of human diet around the globe. Purify flour of wheat contains less vitamins and causes constipation and malnourishment. The experiment was designed to study on wheat crop, botanical and agricultural parameters and advances in plant sciences and accomplished in Randomized Complete Block Design. Sowing was done in field with plot size of 216 m2. LAI is very crucial growth index which directly controls the interception of solar radiation and consequently dry matter production and accumulation. The LAD exhibits the tenacity of leaves to remain photo synthetically active during the growth season of a crop. The NAR indicates the dry matter accumulation in plants per unit canopy area. Recorded data was subjected to analysis of variance by using Statistix 8.1 software. It presented mean values of all treatments for crop growth rate. Maximum results for CGR observed under T3 with 14.3 mean values. While minimum observations had been shown by T1 that is 13.4. It showed mean values for all applied treatments and wheat showed maximum value of leaf area index of (3.3367) under treatment (T4) and minimum value of leaf area index that is 3.0233 was shown by plants under treatment (T7). Maximum results for flag leaf area observed under T4 with 114.73 mean values. While minimum observations had been shown by T1 that is 88.03. It is recommended that the farmers should use split dose of potassium fertilizer for better growth and yield of wheat and it may also be helpful in future prospects.

Drinking water has always been a major issue in many countries, especially in developing countries like Nigeria. The study was aimed to assess the effect of anthropogenic activities on water quality parameters at Gundutse River in Kura Kano, Northern Nigeria for a period of 3 month (April - June, 2019). Surface water sample for the study were collected from three (3) different sampling (A, B and C) sites based on the depth of the water and analysis of water was conducted either in situ or transported to the laboratory for further analysis. The physicochemical and microbiological properties of the water were determined using standard method. The result of physicochemical properties of the water showed that the temperature, pH, turbidity and electric conductivity ranges from 25 to 260C, 7.3 to 7.7, 140 to 155 NTU and 617 to 628μs/cm respectively. The average values of nitrate, phosphate, Dissolve Oxygen and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) of the water ranges from 1.80 to 2.13 mg/L 1.0 to 1.16 mg/L, 3.73 mg/L to 4.10 mg/L, 1.96 to 2.23 mg/L respectively. The result of microbiological analysis of the River showed that Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Proteus mirabilis, Enterobacter sp. and Klebsiella pneumoniae were identified. The use of the river water for drinking may be hazardous. The study therefore, stresses on the need to control the faecal pollution of the water before use.