number of deaths. In the absence of an effective antiviral drug to treat the disease, various treatments are being investigated. Studies have indicated that the juice of the leaves of the Carica papaya plant from the family Caricaceae could help to increase the platelet levels in these patients. In Pakistan 505,430 dengue cases reported. There is no specific treatment for dengue fever. Fever reducers and pain killers can be taken to control the symptoms of muscle aches and pains, and fever. The best options to treat these symptoms are acetaminophen or paracetamol. The first dengue vaccine, Dengvaxia but there are not properly beneficial for dengue disease. Carica papaya leave's juice is given to those who are effected with dengue fever they used their leaves as an herbal medicine. Carica papaya leaves juice significantly accelerates the rate of increase in platelet count among patients with dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever.

To progress toward sustainable growth, future hydro-power development must pay a bit more attention towards how changing climate may impact hydropower output, as well as make massive action to limit the environmental costs borne by people who live near dams. Long term projections help in providing data for power network risk analysis as well as identifying wind power generation potential in particular places, delivering important data for electricity planners. Hydro-electric power system is an enhanced energy process because it effectively converts mechanical power into grid power, but both are high-energy methods. The utilization of wind turbines for renewable power source has turned out to be one of the greatest viable alternate wells-prings of electricity age because of the little recompense, for instance, being profitable and efficient and environment friendly. Many foundations, organizations, associations, and experts have demonstrated that wind turbines are presumed to comprehend the imperativeness order. In compared to conventional power plants, although wind-power plants have little impact on the environment, concern exists over the noise produced by the turbine blades and visual impacts to the landscape and turbine blade. While wind turbines are connected to the small scale or isolated network, the power product from another source should be varied in reply to these variant and change in sequence to retain system density and voltage with in pre-set limit.

In the recent research work, synthesis of Graphene oxide was done by treating graphite powder with KMnO4 and a mixture of H2SO4/H3PO4 and then reduced with ascorbic acid to produce graphene oxide. A method that was approved for this purpose was Tour method. X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Raman Spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) were used for the characterization of the obtained samples. Structural analysis was determined with the help of X-ray diffraction (XRD) using CuKα radiation (λ=0.15405nm). Raman Spectroscopy was used for chemical analysis. Surface characterization was done with the help of Scanning electron microscopy. XRD pattern obtained through (SEM) shows that GO and RGO were successfully synthesized at 9.2° and 25.1° peaks respectively. Results from GO and RGO Raman spectra samples indicate that oxidation was effective and there was not a complete elimination of oxygenated group in the RGO sample. In SEM images, RGO exhibits wrinkled and agglomerated structures. Needle like structures were visible at higher magnification.

Research is one of the means by which we seek to discover the truth. It is based upon the tacit assumption that the world is a cosmos whose happenings have causes and are controlled by forces and relationships that can be expressed as laws and principles. Discovery of these controls of nature provides us with a hunting license to search for ways of controlling our environment. To search for truth in a scientific way research methodology provides principles to refine our common beliefs through research activity that establishes rules of logical and appropriate reasoning. In order to apply the scientific research methodology properly in research work, the researcher must have a clear basic concept of research methodology & methods that will ensure to find potential research results. This paper deals with the conceptuality of the research methodology like the meaning of the research, objectives of research, motivation in research and types of research. The basic approaches to research, research methods versus methodology, research process i.e. formulation of the research problem, extensive literature survey, development of working hypotheses, preparing the research design, execution of the project, analysis of the data, hypothesis-testing, generalizations and interpretations and preparation of the report have also been described along with the criteria of good research and problems encountered by researchers in India.

Bacterial antibiotic resistance is a type of drug resistance whereby some sub-populations of bacterial species are able to survive after exposure to one or more antibiotics. The study was aimed to determine the antibiotic susceptibility profile of some enterobacteria from respiratory tract infection (RTIs) patients attending some tertiary Hospital in Kano, Northern Nigeria. A total of one thousand and ninety six (1096) isolates were collected. Isolates were subjected to Gram staining, motility test, biochemical characterization and further examined using Microgen TM Gram negative Identification A (Microgen GN ID A) system. Susceptibility of the isolates to some commonly used antibiotics was determined using the disc diffusion method. The result showed that various Enterobacteriaceae isolates confirmed were Pantoae agglomerans 250 (53.53%) being the most occurring followed by Klebsiella spp 160 (34.26%) and then Escherichia coli 57 (12.21%) respectively. The antibiotic resistance pattern of the isolates showed that the highest resistance level was recorded for Ampicillin (78%), followed by Amoxycillin (72%), Ceftazidime (42%). There is also a significant level of resistance to Sulfamethoxazole trimethoprim (36%), Ceftriaxone (28%) and chloramphenicol (24%). Lower resistance levels were observed against Gentamicin (8%) and Ciprofloxacin (10%). It is concluded that there is significant level of antibiotic resistant of some isolates from respiratory tract infection (RTIs) patients.

Recent advances in physics have been made through nanotechnology that employed the nanoparticles and provide the physical and chemical basis studies of various compounds. In this regards, various branches of physical such as atomic, molecular, nuclear, thermodynamics and photonics all also made several recent perspectives in their main areas. Many photonics based objected have been designed through advances in nanotechnology for example, nature of opto-electronics as it now becomes possible to imagine using coherent light produced on a chip to control electronic interactions on the same chip. The new technologies are focusing on the development of quantum physics has applied to the nanoscale systems in order to understand the as quantum sensing. Molecular physics associated with combinations of the nanoparticles intergraded with atoms and hybrid systems that would be helpful for the ultrasensitive sensor devices that are most efficient and no environmental hazards while some of the old and traditionally used devices and machines are poorly understood with noise pollution and no significant in their preparations. As, quantum computing is based on physical materials, the choice of material is important and semiconductor materials. The newly solar cell technology has been also folding the nanoparticles coating to the adhered materials of the solid surfaces for when surface plasmon is located in front of a solar cell. Microwave plasma-enhanced also applied for the different applications of diamond films. X-ray diffraction for thermodynamic based materials also important because of the some phenomenon happening in nature deals with heat, work and temperature, and their relation to energy.