Neonatal sepsis (NNS) is invasive infection, mostly bacterial, occurring during the neonatal period. NNS manifests with ill-defined symptoms, therefore, requires high index of suspicion for early diagnosis. Neonatal sepsis is becoming less frequent due to improved obstetrical management and evidence-based use of intrapartum antimicrobial therapy. However, early-onset sepsis remains one of the most common causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality in the preterm population.

We consider non-monotone wedge trust region method for derivative-free optimization. Throughout our knowledge, this is the first investigation paper which combining non-monotone strategy into wedge trust region methods. The computational results proved the efficiency of the new composite strategy.

In this paper, we propose a non-monotone trust region method for solving unconstrained optimization problem. Unlike the traditional trust region methods, our new algorithm is simple by combining non-monotone strategy with a scale approximation of the objective function’s Hessian. Theoretical analysis indicates that the new method preserves the global convergence under some mild conditions.

This paper explains the strategic penetration through mergers and acquisitions in international financial large corporate in emerging countries like Mexico and the clash of European and Mexican management cultures. As a case study is taken as a basis, the merger and consolidation of the Spanish Banco Santander in Mexico, what was your strategy for fusion of Mexican banks? How was his way of governance in the country? Concluding and Banco Santander through mergers and acquisitions have become the fourth strongest banking Mexico and one of the strongest banks in the world, as part of the explanation is considered their form of governance.

Swine Influenza is a respiratory disease of pig caused by Type A influenza viruses. H1N1 is an Influenza A virus. Influenza viruses are able to infect humans, swine, and avian species, and swine have long been considered a potential source of new influenza viruses that can infect humans. Swine has been believed to play a vital role in interspecies transmission of influenza viruses. Influenza A causes moderate to severe illness and affects all age groups. The WHO declared the H1N1 pandemic on June 11, 2009, after more than 70 countries reported 30000 cases of H1N1 infection. In 2015 the instances of Swine Flu substantially increased to five year highs with over 10000 cases reported and 774 deaths in India. The CDC recommends real time PCR as the method of choice for diagnosing H1N1. Prevention of swine influenza has three components: prevention in swine, prevention of transmission to humans, and prevention of its spread among humans. If a person becomes sick with swine flu, antiviral drugs can make the illness milder and make the patient feel better faster. Antiviral drugs are most effective if they are started within the first 48 hours after the clinical signs begin. CDC recommends the use of Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) or Zanamivir (Relenza) for the treatment. In this review, a brief overview on swine flu is presented highlighting the characteristics of the causative virus, the disease and its advances made in its diagnosis, control and Treatment to be adapted in the wake of an outbreak.

Biofouling particularly micro-fouling is a very complex phenomenon to understand. This present work is carried out to understand the influence of wood type on the development of microfoulers. The panels were constructed by using commercially important hard wood such as Tectona grandis, Pterocarpus Sp, Thespesia populnea and Mangifera indica. The assembled panels were immersed and studied for the period of 21 days in velar estuary, Porto-Novo. The result shows that the settlement of microfoulers are high on the panel constructed by Mangifera indica (89 X 10-5 CFU/cm2) and low on the panel constructed by Pterocarpus Sp (71 X 10-5 CFU/cm2). Thus, the selection of materials for the marine structures must be heedful and well established to prevent the loss due to the fouling process.

Stroke is defined as the loss of function of brain and it occurs when the supply of blood to the brain is either interrupted or reduced. When this happens, the brain does not get enough oxygen or nutrients which cause brain cells to die. Stroke induced brain injury results from the interaction of various complex pathophysiological modalities such as excessive accumulation of excitatory amino acids, ROS, calcium overload, mitochondrial damage, neuronal cell death etc. For the last three decades animal models of cerebral ischemia were developed with the aim of identifying mechanisms that cause tissue damage and to provide the basis for the development of new therapies for stroke at a preclinical level. The three main classes of in-vivo animal models are global ischemia, focal ischemia, and micro embolism/thrombosis model. In vivo experimental models to induce stroke are either global or focal models, each of them have their own advantages and disadvantages. In order to overcome the disadvantages, in the present study, we had combined both global and focal models i.e. Common carotid artery occlusion along with 25% Fecl3 induced thrombosis. The model bilateral Common Carotid Artery Occlusion combined with Ferric chloride Induced Thrombosis and Reperfusion (BCCAO+FIT+RE) was more successful than the other groups such as Unilateral Common Carotid Artery Occlusion (UCCAO+RE), Bilateral Common Carotid Artery Occlusion (BCCAO+RE) and Ferric chloride Induced Thrombosis (FIT) in inducing stroke.

Osteoarthritis of trapeziometacarpal joint (TM joint), typically presenting with pain, reproducible tenderness in the region of the TM joint, restricted the range of motion, deformation(shoulder sign) and grind test that causes repentance and pain, is relatively common and affects 50% of postmenopausal women and up to 25% of elderly men. The aim of this study was to evaluate author’s experience with arthroplasty as opposed to surgical treatment of degenerative disease of the TM joint. Authors have used Polylactic acid (PLA) braid rolled on itself AREX trapezium implant(Arex®615R) in Assuta Medical Center as part of surgical option together with trapeziectomy and arthrodesis in patients with Eaton type III-IV of TM joint osteoarthritis.Methods:12 patients (11female/1male) were operated in Assuta Medical Center between 2009and 2011.Pre-operation average DASH score were 80,4 (88-74).Following operation, the average degree of improvement in DASH score at six weeks was 32.8 (42-22), three months-20.7 (31-12) and one year- 10.6(5-13). All patients significantly improved after operation as measured with the VAS scale and DASH score. At one year follow-up allpatients were free of pain. Two patients had complication as acute-on-chronic autoimmune reaction due to PLA degradation. It appears that trapezectomy and interposition arthroplasty using AREX trapezium implant is efficacious for treatingofosteo arthritis Eaton type III-IV of TM joint.

In this paper, the method of generating function combined with power series is applied to verify the correctness of two identities which are widely used in engineering technology.

The Achilles tendon is the strongest and thickest tendon in the body and plays an important role in the biomechanics of the lower extremity. It can withstand high forces during sporting exercises and excessive torsion and stretching. Achilles Tendinopathy (AT) has no pathophysiological theory and no clear understanding of the pathological process. Rest and specific exercises, NSAIDs, steroid injections and surgical treatments are currently used to treat AT. Not one of them has a dominant efficacy for any length of time. Lately, hyaluronate injections have increasingly been used for the treatment of different degenerative processes of joints and soft tissues. The authors reviewed 56 patients with insertional AT treated between 2007 and 2012. All patients were followed up for one year. Patients were divided into three groups: the first group treated by the corticosteroid injection, the second group treated by single hyaluronate injection and the third group treated by rest, splint, NSAIDs, and physiotherapy. Most patients that treated by a single hyaluronate injection showed good to excellent results for a long time in comparison with corticosteroids injections and the conservatively treated patients, according to FADI and VAS scores. In conclusion, it seems that hyaluronate injection therapy is superior to steroid therapy and non-invasive conservative treatment for insertional AT.

A study was conducted in 112 diabetic foot ulcers to identify the ideal method were the infecting organisms can be identified. Two methods were followed, one by taking the specimen by swab and another by a small piece tissue using punch biopsy forceps. It is found that more positive culture was obtained by tissue culture method and surface contamination was more in the swab method.so it is better to obtain the specimen from the tissues is better than swab method.

The oyster mushroom was cultivated from the saw under the acquired conditions. The saw was kept moistured being kept in poly bags and the temperature was maintained at 250C. The oyster mushroom so cultivated was yellowish white in colour. The mushroom was dried under suitable conditions and was powdered, and the extraction was carried out as Soxhlet extraction using ethyl acetate, ethanol and water as solvents. Every extract was analysed for the qualitative phytochemical determination and antioxidant power determined using DPPH method. Different extracts show different phytochemical contents and as per the antioxidant power is taken into consideration the IC50 Value for Ascorbic Acid is 29.98 μg/ml, Ethyl acetate extract of Oyster mushroom is 49.30 μg/ml, Ethanol extract of Oyster mushroom is 42.44 μg/ml and water extract Oyster mushroom 50.65 μg/ml. The ethanol extract showed highest antioxidant power fallowed by ethyl acetate and water extract.

This study examined the impact of infrastructural expenditure on stock market development in Nigeria for the period 1980 to 2014. The study employed the Ordinary Least Squared (OLS) technique. From the regression estimate, the study observed that infrastructural expenditure has a positive but insignificant effect on stock market development. Thus, the study concluded that infrastructural expenditure has not contributed significantly to the growth of stock market in Nigeria. Based on the conclusion, this study recommended that there is the need for government to increase budgetary allocation to infrastructural sector and also ensure appropriate maintenance of existing infrastructural facilities. This is important to enhance production activities of the real sector and thereby promote the growth of the stock market.

Various extramedullary and intramedullary implants are being used for the management of pertrochantric fractures. In this article we are going to see whether proximal femur plate is a versatile implant in the management of pertrochantric fractures. Prospective study of twenty two patients with pertrochantric fractures treated with proximal femur plate done in Sri Ramachandra medical centre, Chennai between Jan 2012 to Jan 2015. The Schatzker & Lambert criteria were used to evaluate the functional outcome. Mean follow up was one year.The mean time to union was fourteen weeks and the mean limb shortening was 0.5cm. The functional outcome was excellent in eight patients, good in ten, Fair in three and Poor in one.Union was achieved in stable and unstable trochantric fractures without significant complications and neck shaft angle was maintained following proximal femur plate fixation. Therefore this device can be a feasible alternative to proximal femur nailing and DHS fixation in certain difficult situations.