The aim of this study is to assess the state of plant biodiversity in the natural rangelands of transhumant cattle herds in the Classified Forest of Upper Alibori (CFUA), Northern Benin. Forty-five (45) phytosociological plots were carried out using the Braun-Blanquet method. The phytosociological data were submitted to Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA) under the software R.3.3.2 with a package vegan. The results revealed that the natural rangelands of the CFUA have 178 species belonging to 45 families of which the most abundant and dominant are the Poaceae, Caesalpiniaceae, Combretaceae and Rubiaceae. Three (3) types of pasture were highlighted: Detarium microcarpum and Pennisetum polystachion ; Isoberlinia doka and Brachiaria stigmatisata; Prosopis africana and Pennisetum pedicellatum. The most abundant and dominant biological types on these natural rangelands are phanerophytes followed by therophytes. However, Sudanese species are the most abundant and dominant. This shows that pastures in this protected area are relatively undisturbed. The unsweetened and invasive species such as Senna obtusifolia, Hyptis suaveolens, Loudetia togoensis, etc. were also observed in this natural rangeland. It follows from this study that the natural rangelands of CFUA are degraded due to the strong agropastoral pressure.

Article revolves around the conspectus accentuating healthiness, quest significance of robustness in workforce proficiency, productivity and prosperity. Descriptive multination study articulated considering secondary data derived of various primary and secondary sources. Study embodies fifteen countries, five high, middle and low-income countries each, employing non-probability nonrandom sampling. Contrasted on considered variable embracing Health-Status, Intelligence-Quotient, Work-Capacity, Economic-Growth and Happiness-Score. Interpretation derived based on the statistical measurements and inferences. Computations performed employing Ms Excel. Complete compilation phase lasted for 2 months August to September ‘2017. Mentally and physically healthy individuals usually score higher in intelligence quotient, manages productive work hours, endures prolong life expectancies and tends to be more contented. Healthy status, intelligence quotient, economic growth, happiness score descends while work capacity ascends from high to low income countries. Healthiness drive workforce effectiveness and efficiency. Health diminutions, a growing concern globally, dispel proficiency, dissipates productivity, perplex prosperity. All means and measures should be encouraged actuating work dexterity concomitant with mental and physical wellbeing.

It is commonly acknowledged that Government worldwide resettled people and communities (particularly those along river channels) from one geographical area to another on the basis of real, perceived and lingering threat, danger, catastrophe or epidemic. The contention of this paper is that despite the fact that most resettlement schemes are meant for the benefit of the community at large, the manner under which the resettlement scheme was conceived, planned and implemented failed to take into consideration the views/inputs of members of the community. The resultant effect leads to loss of livelihood, tension, violence and conflict in the affected communities and overall failure of the intended benefit of the scheme. This paper examines resettlement scheme at Gidan Salihu, Goronyo Local Government Area of Sokoto state focusing on the viability of the scheme and livelihood deprivation and challenges it places on the victims and the community. Data for this study was obtained via administration of questionnaire to those affected by the resettlement scheme selected via purposive and systematic sampling techniques as well as Focus Group Discussion with community leaders. Purposive sampling technique was adopted in the choice of the respondents and systematic sampling technique was used to select respondents to be administered with questionnaire at the interval of every 6th respondents. A total of 216 respondents were selected via systematic sampling technique. Key findings of the study reveals that majority of those affected by the resettlement scheme lost their farm lands, source of pasture and water for their livestock and compelling them to resides in an unfamiliar housing settings reflecting more of an urban setting than rural. Majority of the victims refused to relocate to the new environment stressing that it is better to continue to live under threat of hazard than to live in an area which will render them economically and socially vulnerable to poverty and hopelessness. The study concludes by recommending involvement of community members in decisions and policies affecting the livelihood of displaced communities.

To retire is an inevitable event that is bound to happen to every worker in a life time and pension scheme is to provide the employees of an organization with the means of securing on retirement, a standard of living reasonably consistent with that they enjoyed while in service. This is because, at old age man tends to depend on others for assistance and survival, therefore, man has been seeking for ways to make life in old-age meaningful and fulfilled after one has put in his active years in service. Based on the pain, sorrow and problems of retirees in the society (Nigeria), this work seeks to proffer solutions to this age long problem or retirement benefits. This study was conducted using questionnaires and the data analysis for the research was mainly descriptive, which is by the use of Chi-square method. The finding shows that inconsistency in pension polices affect the management of pension. The study thus, concluded that consistency, sincere and honest management of pension fund administration will be the hope of the age long problem of the pension scheme management in Nigeria, hence hope and for better and desirous retirement.

The aim of this study is to reveal the relationship between sportspersonship orientations and positive thinking levels of the athletes in the team branch. In this study, Multidimensional Sportspersonship Orientation Scale and Positive Thinking Skills Scale were used as data collection tools. Portable IBM SPSS Statistics v20 software package was also used to analyze the data. For analyses of the data, descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation coefficient analysis were applied in the analysis of the data. As a result, it was determined that there is a positive relationship between athletes’ positive thinking scores and adherence to social norms, respect for rules and officials and respect for opponent.

The study explored accounting information as a veritable tool for the appraisal of the performance of production companies in relation to their productivity and financial position. The research adopted a quasi-experimental design. Primary data were gathered with questionnaire and the results of the hypotheses were arrived through percentage and Spearman’s Rank Correlation Coefficient. It was revealed that the productivity of a production company is enhanced and sustained when the financial position of a firm is timely ascertained as this would help the company in financing their operations for maximum output. Besides, objective, timely, cost effective, complete and reliable accounting information help a production company to determine its financial position at any point in time. Based on the findings, the study recommended that effectual accounting information would be of immense help to a company in boosting and sustaining its productivity; the reason is that sureness of the financial position of a production company would, to a considerable extent, assist it in taking informed and timely decision either to continue to finance the production of a profitable product or to discontinue the production of a product that does not add value to the firm financially or otherwise. Finally, this would help a production firm to sustain an appreciable level of performance and growth for its survival.

This study aims to determine the narcissism and positive thinking scores of athletes engaged in different team branches. Multidimensional Sportsperson ship Orientation Scale and Narcissistic Personality Inventory were used as a collection tool in the study. Portable IBM SPSS Statistics v20 software package was also used to analyze the data. For analyses of the data, descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation coefficient analysis were applied in the analysis of the data. As a result of the correlation analysis carried out, it was determined that there is a statistically significant relationship the narcissism and positive thinking scores of athletes.

The diversity in reformed governmental financial information systems created a need for harmonized international accounting standards, resulting in the elaboration of the International Public Sector Accounting Standards. International accounting literature provides evidence that accounting quality has economic consequences such as costs of capita, similarly Financial reporting by public sector entities providing concepts that will underpin the development of international public sector accounting standards and recommended practice guidelines. Likewise, Gross National Product is the market value of all the products and services produced in a year by Labor and property supplied by the citizens of a country, unlike gross domestic product which defines production based on the geographical location of production. In Nigeria inadequate economic growth is the main cause of poverty, economy has a very narrow and weak base, depending most on exploration of petroleum crude oil as a major source of income. The findings indicated that the development of the private sector depends largely on the activities in the public sector in developing countries as Nigeria. It is concluded that there is a great number of poverty which was among due to high and growing unemployment that exacerbated the level of poverty. It is recommended that private sectors should not depend on the activities in the public sector; they should improve their own activities by training and retraining, organize workshop and agricultural sector which was ignored to be revived into life.

The purpose of this study was to develop a Pastoral approach for the Synoptic Problem, a simplified approach of studying the Synoptic Gospels with Church members. This study was done in Musoma town Tanzania to help Seventhday Adventist (SDA) members harmonize between their belief on trustworthiness of the word of God and the differences and similarities which emerge in the story of Gadarene demoniac in the Synoptic Gospel. The research design employed qualitative approach. The researcher used contextual Bible Study theory to re-read the Gadarene demoniac story whereby interviews and focus group discussions followed thereafter. 368 church members were divided to 46 Focus Groups Discussions with 8 members per each group, four Pastors were put in one session of Focus Group Discussion and four church leaders were interviewed separately in their offices. The researcher did a Biblical exegesis for the linkage of SDA church belief and Biblical context. Research finding revealed that, SDA church in Musoma believes that writers who had different education, background and personality were inspired with thoughts were led to compose their canonical gospels focusing on the need of their audiences. The writing process made them focus on specific issues which in turn affected their style, form, rhythm, occurrences, inclusion and vocabulary of each presenter and finally differences and similarities came upon their canonical gospels. Further study of the pastoral approach for the Synoptic Problem in the scope of other denominations and relationship between inspiration and the free use of intellectual knowledge of Biblical authors are recommended.

Food borne diseases are the major health problems in developing countries like India. The problem is more noticeable due to prevailing poor food handling and sanitation practices. Street food vending has been increasing for several years but this growth presents public health challenge with evidence of diarrheal diseases. Emerging needs for understanding the food hygiene knowledge of street food vendors to ensure hygienic preparation of street foods is essential. The purpose of this study is to assess the level of knowledge on food hygiene among street food vendors in urban Chidambaram. The study conducted using a descriptive cross-sectional survey. A total of 50 street food vendors were selected using purposive sampling technique. Data were collected by conducting face to face interview using a semistructured questionnaire. The questionnaire was peer-reviewed and pilot tested before the final version. The questionnaire were structured into three distinctive parts to collect information on demographic characteristics, personal hygiene and knowledge on food safety .Among the study participants majority were of the age group 20 to 29 yrs ie 25[50%] majority of the participants were males 35[70%] and 33[66%] were married. With regards to cooking process 44[88%] of participants had moderate knowledge with mean score of 59.66±12.63. Knowledge about diseases was also adequate among 46[92%] participants with mean score of 97.33±9.13. .The study shows the overall knowledge level on food hygiene among street food vendors were adequate with 82.63±6.40. The factors like age, gender, education, type of shop or years of experience had no significant association with the knowledge levels of the participants. To conclude, Food vendors should be adequately educated on the role of food in disease transmission as well as on rules of personal hygiene and approved practices in handling street food

This paper seeks the complex issues between the oral/ethnographic narration and historical narration of the past. The oral history often collected by ethnographers directly from the people may have huge differences with the supposed authentic written account of history. For instance, the people in Tibet still believe, and they have tales and songs which say that Mao Zedong came to Tibet for the Communist Long March through China in the 1930s but the written records of the long march and Zedong‟s personal history reject this claim. However, the written history can‟t reject the paradoxical existence of oral tradition and vice versa. Both oral and written history has cultural significance and hence exists beyond the truth. In this context, it is difficult to pass judgment whether ethnography or history is the truth; rather it demands anthropological concerns to understand the reason behind the disjuncture. The social and cultural feature which creates disjuncture or paradox between the oral and written forms of historic accounts is more important to understand the truth. Anthropologist Carole Mcgranahan argued, “This situation demands to consider the social truth, cultural logic and political claim embedded in history as examples of the productive excesses inherent in and generated by this conceptual disjuncture.” This paper also emphasizes the concepts like social truth, cultural logic, and political claims to solve the complex issues between the ethnography and written history.

Gluconeogenesis involves formation of glucose from the breakdown of protein to form glycogenic amino acid and lipid such as triglyceride to generate glycerol which is further utilized for the formation of glucose. Cashew (Anacardium occidentale) leaf has some non-scientific but traditional health benefit claims such as in the treatment of diabetes and hypertension. This work was designed to determine the evidence of Gluconeogenesis in rabbits given ypung cashew leaf extract using Plasma Value of Cortisol, Glycerol, Cortisol Binding Globulin Glucose, Total Triglyceride and Total Bile Acid. Materials and Methods: 10 rabbits of the same sex weighing 1.0-1.2Kg grouped into A1 (5 rabbits fed with normal meal and water only for 7 days), A2 (A1 rabbits given 500mg/KgBW of ethanolic extract for another seven days) and B1 (5 rabbits fed with normal meal and water only for 7 days), B2 (A1 rabbits given 500mg/KgBW of aqueous extract for another seven days). Plasma cortisol, glycerol, cortisol binding globulin, glucose, total triglyceride and total bile acid were measured biochemically using auto-analysis, ELISA and colorimetric techniques. The result obtained showed a significantly higher plasma value of cortisol, Glycerol and a significantly lower mean plasma value of Glucose and Total Triglyceride in rabbits (A2 and B2) given 500mg/KgBW of ethanolic or aqueous extract for seven days compared with the values of these parameters obtained in the same rabbits when they were fed with normal meal and water only for 7 days (A1 and B1) with p<0.05. This work reviled possible evidence of gluconeogenesis as indicated by the significant biochemical alterations the plasma values of cortisol, glycerol, glucose and total triglyceride with respect to changes in their plasma level before and after the supplementation of the extract of young cashew (Anacardium occidentale) leaf

The object of this research at PT. Bank Mandiri (Persero) unit Jakarta Bintaro Jaya 1 is a branch under the coordination of Regional V Jakarta 3 area of beautiful cottage Jakarta, consisting of 12 units of micro office with Case Study on Micro Credit Loan. This bank has a commitment to provide ease of lending as an additional business capital for Micro Entrepreneur (UM) or UMKM. More than 80 percent of business units in Indonesia are UM / UMKM. During the period of 5 years (2010-2014) the provision of credit / UMKM decreased. In addition, the number of non-performing loans (NPLs) from the UM / UMKM sector has increased significantly. The relationship quality management (CRM) index has declined over the last five years, so there needs to be an effort to improve relationship quality (CRM) and service quality. This will be able to improve the image of banking. The purpose of this research is to develop brand image with CRM and service quality. Unit of analysis of micro business credit debtors, population 558 and samples of 100 customers with slovin techniques. Analysis method with quantitative analysis. Analysis technique with Path analysis, followed by determination analysis (RSquare), Testing of partial hypothesis (t test) and simultaneous (F test) with alpha 5 percent. Before the analysis with the first path analysis in the test questionnaire research with validity and reliability test as well as classical assumptions. SPSS version 22.0 analysis tool. The research result is that Customer Relationship Management and Service Quality have an effect on Brand Image either partially, simultaneously, directly and indirectly.

The objective of this study is to determine the effect of progesterone antagonist, Mifepristone in perimenopausal women in decreasing the severity of symptoms like menorrhagia, dysmenorrhea, abdominal pain and urinary symptoms, in decreasing the fibroid volume and uterine volume, in improving the hemoglobin percentage, in increasing the endometrial thickness, to look for the side effects profile and to look for the effects which were present at the end of treatment persisted during post treatment follow up. It is a prospective and interventional study done among the perimenopausal women with symptomatic fibroid uterus who came to the Gynecological OPD in Gandhi Hospital, Secunderabad for a period of one and half year in a sample size of 50 patients. After taking a detailed menstrual history and calculating Pictorial Blood loss Assessment Chart (PBAC) score for menorrhagia and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score for dysmenorrhea and abdominal pain, baseline fibroid and uterine volumes, haemoglobin percentage and endometrial thickness were noted and endometrial biopsy was done when endometrial thickness crossed≥8mm. The drug mifepristone 25 mg was given orally for a period of 3 months.

This paper attempts to establish information seeking behaviour of the employees of the East African Integration. The Department of East African Community coordinates the activities of East African Community in Kenya. Wilson (1999) defines information seeking as, "those activities a person may engage in when identifying their own needs for information, searching for such information in any way, and using or transferring that information". This study was a qualitative research in nature. The participants were drawn from 200 employees of the State department of EAC integration. The researcher employed interview method for data collection. The researcher used purposive sampling and interview schedules were prepared to gather information from participants. Data was analysed thematically. The results were that employees of the State department of East Africa integration sought information to assist them carry out their mandate concerning integration matters and they sought information by accessing the internet among others. It was concluded that information sought by employees of State department of East African Integration was information related to EAC integration process since a small proportion mainly from administrative directorate indicated that they seek information to better them in other disciplines of interest. It was recommended that due to lack of enough literacy skills on the part of the staff, librarians at State department of East African Integration should mount an effective IL programme in order to enable employees to easily access information whenever they sought for it. It was also recommended that ICT officers, librarians and record officers should put in place effective information retrieval tools that could assist the employees as they sought for information that could enable them carry out their mandates.