REVIEW ARTICLE | Oct. 30, 2018
Mobility, Confinement and the Politics of Exile: A Study of Manyani Detention Camp in Kenya, 1952 - 1963: A Historical Account
John Ndungu Kungu
Page no 1184-1192 |
10.21276/sjhss.2018.3.10.6
This paper examines the History of Manyani Detention Camp from 1952 to
1963. From 1952 onwards, the British government established detention camps where
suspected Mau Mau fighters and their sympathizers were incarcerated. Manyani was
started as a holding camp for “hard core” Mau Mau fighters. Manyani held Mau Mau
fighters from 1952 to 1963. The colonial government preferred Manyani detention
camp because of its harsh environment that was expected to exert maximum physical
torture on the detainees so that they could plead guilty and assist in ending the Mau
Mau uprising. The paper shows Manyani detention camps as an institution of political
domination and control during the state Emergency in Kenya. The paper is a
contribution to the historiography of prisons in Kenya.
REVIEW ARTICLE | Oct. 30, 2018
Phonological surveillance of /p/ in comparison with /b/
Bhagya Prabhashini Cheeli
Page no 1176-1183 |
10.21276/sjhss.2018.3.10.5
This paper aims to focus, to bring the existing misperception of the letters
„p‟ and „b‟ in panoramic view, to make the readers understand that there is nothing
defective on the side of the speakers‟ in comprehending the sounds of the letters /p/ and
/b/ when they listen to, alike other phonemic sounds. Further, it is to exercise the
spectrographic picturization of the aforementioned letters for the scientific
development, the theories involved in, and to bring out the linguistic phenomenon
spread over the pronunciation of /p/ and /b/ phonemes.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | Oct. 30, 2018
Socio-Cultural Factors and Female Students’ career choice in Technical and Vocational Education Training (TVET) science programmes in Technical Training Institutes in Siaya County, Kenya
Ohanya George Ochieng, Henry K. Kiplangat, Frederick Ngala
Page no 1200-1209 |
10.21276/sjhss.2018.3.10.8
Choice of science based careers by female students in Technical and
Vocational Education and Training (TVET) institutes and particularly Technical and
Training Institutes (TTIs) has attracted a lot of attention of education planners,
economists and administrators the world over. Female students choosing careers in
TVET science programmes are still few and especially in Siaya County, Kenya. The
study was based on social Cognitive. The study adopted descriptive survey design. The
research instruments were questionnaires the sample size was 316 female students
sampled using census method. Tools in the Statistical Package for Social Sciences
(SPSS) version 22 was used to analyze data. Frequencies, percentages and means were
computed. Inferential statistics such as regression coefficients, T-statistics, F-statistics,
correlation of coefficients shall were derived. Charts, graphs and tables were used to
present the findings. It was found out that there exists a negative and statistically
significant relationship between socio-cultural factors and female students‟ choice of
career in science TVET Programmes (r=-0.546**; p<0.01). The significance of this
study is that the findings could be used to come up with policies on how to increase the
number of female students choosing careers in TVET. This could guarantee
employment opportunities for women in the country which in turn could raise their
standard of living.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | Oct. 30, 2018
Caregivers’ Experiences and Needs During Participation in Care of their Hospitalised Children at a Tertiary Government Hospital in Blantyre, Malawi-A Preliminary Qualitative Exploratory Study
Lophina S. Phiri, Angella Chimwaza, Patrick G.M.C. Phiri
Page no 312-320 |
10.21276/sjnhc
Parental participation is one of the cornerstones of pediatric practice. Queen
Elizabeth Central Hospital (QECH) is the major referral hospital in Malawi and caregivers
stay with their children in the hospital and participate in the care. However, little was
known about the perception of these caregivers regarding their participation in care of
their hospitalised children. The aim of the study was to explore caregivers’ perceptions
regarding parental participation in the care of their hospitalised child. A descriptive
qualitative study was done using semi structured interview guide to collect data from 20
caregivers in the pediatric department. Thematic analysis was done guided by Collaizzi
method. Seven main themes emerged from the data and these were lack of role negotiation
by health care workers, inadequate role preparation for caregivers, perception of
caregivers on care they provided to their hospitalised children, poor HCWs- caregivers’
communication, benefits of caregivers’ participation in care of hospitalised children, needs
of caregivers participating in care of hospitalised children and overall impression of
caregiver’s participation. The study findings showed that caregivers view their
participation in the care of hospitalised children as appropriate, important and satisfying.
However, gaps exist in the way caregivers participate in the care of their hospitalised
children due to inadequate role negotiation, role preparation for caregivers and inadequate
information for caregivers. The researcher recommends that management should develop
protocols and guidelines for the implementation of parental participation in care of
hospitalised children to promote best practices.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | Oct. 30, 2018
Radiographical Study of Success and Failure with Evaluation the Cause of That Failure of Endodontically Treated Teeth
Shrouq Aali Alrwitai, Dina Abdel Latif
Page no 314-318 |
10.21276/sjodr.2018.3.10.5
The present study is planned to analyze radiographically examined success
and failure of endodontically treated teeth among the patients who came at Taibah
dental clinics, Saudi Arabia. One hundred (N=100) endodontically treated teeth were
clinically examined by using dental mirror, dental explorer and periodontal probe. The
periapical radiographs of these teeth were radiographically examined. Several reasons
including defective restoration, periodontal disease, recurrent caries, under filling, poor
density obturation, over filling and many others of each root filled canal were recorded
in the patient data sheets. Chi square test was applied to determine statistical
significance if any. Our study demonstrates 20% success rate of endodontic treatment
while failure was recorded in 65% and potential failure in 15% of cases. Clinical data
revealed defective restoration in 84% followed by periodontal disease (62%), recurrent
caries (52%). When endodontic treatment was radiographically evaluated, periodontal
lesion was observed in 74% followed by recurrent caries (73%), under obturation
(50%), poor density obturation in (48%) of the cases. Defective restoration, poor density
obturation, under obturation and periodontal diseases were significantly (p=0.001)
associated with endodontic failure while periodontal disease is posing significantly
higher risk of potential failure in this study. The success rate of endodontic treatment
was found only in 20% and the most common cause of its failure was defective
restoration followed by periodontal lesion, recurrent caries, under filling, poor density
obturation etc.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | Oct. 30, 2018
Correlation of Clinical Attachment Level (CAL) and C - Reactive Protein (CRP) Levels in Smoker and Nonsmoker Patients with Chronic Generalized Periodontitis
Dr. Anuj Singh Parihar, Dr. Sumit Narang
Page no 295-302 |
10.21276/sjodr.2018.3.10.2
Periodontal disease, caused mainly by bacteria, is characterized by
inflammation and destruction of the attachment apparatus of the teeth. Periodontitis is a
multi-factorial disease with microbial dental plaque as the initiator of periodontal
disease. Studies indicate that the periodontal lesion is not strictly a localized process but
may lead to systemic alterations in the immune function. The present study intends to
evaluate the correlation of clinical attachment level and C-reactive protein levels in
smoker and non-smoker patients with chronic generalized periodontitis. A total of fifty
patients were included in the study, and they were divided into two group. Group A
consisting of 25 patients who are smokers and they are having chronic generalized
periodontitis, while Group B consist of 25 patients who are nonsmokers and having
chronic generalized periodontitis. In the study clinical parameters we checked were Oral
hygiene index – Simplified (OHI-S), Gingival Index (GI), Probing pocket depth (PPD)
and Clinical Attachment level (CAL). Furthermore, CRP was evaluated as well between
Group-A (Smokers with chronic generalized periodontitis) and Group-B (Nonsmokers
with chronic generalized periodontitis). The results showed higher OHI – S, PPD, CAL
and CRP levels in Group - A (Smokers having chronic generalized periodontitis) than
Group - B (Nonsmokers having chronic generalized periodontitis). GI score was higher
in Group - B as compared to Group - A. Increased levels of clinical attachment level
(CAL) were seen in smokers suffering from chronic periodontitis. Significantly an
increased level of C - reactive protein (CRP) was seen in smokers suffering from
chronic periodontitis. Correlation between Clinical attachment level (CAL) and Creactive protein levels (CRP) was very strongly positive and significant. Suggesting, as
value of CAL increases, CRP also increases.
CASE REPORT | Oct. 30, 2018
Endodontic Management of Aberrant Mandibular Premolars: A Report of Two Cases
Dr. Meera Uday Kulkarni, Dr. Neha Mukund Deshpande
Page no 331-334 |
10.21276/sjodr.2018.3.10.8
Prior to initiation of endodontic treatment possibility of extra roots and
canals should be considered. The incidence of three canals in mandibular second
premolar has been found to be between 0.46-0.5%. The present series describes
nonsurgical endodontic treatment of a mandibular second premolar having three canals
and three roots and a mandibular first premolar having two roots and three canals. In the
first case, three orifices were located and in the second case a single orifice which
bifurcated into two canals in the coronal portion and then one canal further divided into
two and three canals exited from the apex was seen. With good operator skill and
knowledge of root canal anatomies, teeth with extremely complex root canal
morphologies can have successful treatment outcome even if treated non-surgically.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | Oct. 30, 2018
Primary Exploration of the Pace of Contemporary College Students’ Lives Based On Network Survey
Han Xiyang
Page no 307-311 |
10.21276/sjnhc
The pace of life is closely related to people’s health, especially chronic
diseases. This paper takes the life behaviors of college students as the research object and
carries out an investigation and analysis based on the network. The results showed that the
sleep regularity of college students on weekdays was poor, and 21.01% of them had
irregular sleep habits. On weekends, even 55.07% of the students sleep very irregularly.
For the regularity of students’ getting up, they can get up regularly on weekdays, but very
irregularly on weekends. Usually, although college students have a wide range of contacts,
still about 10% of the people interact with relatively fixed objects, speculating that these
students may even have communication problems. College students eat regularly on
weekdays, but on weekends, the proportion of irregular can even reach 41.30% of them.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | Oct. 30, 2018
Devices and Special Designs for Oral and Maxillofacial Use
Dr. Alberto Andrade-Guerra, Dr. Marielba Campos
Page no 307-313 |
10.21276/sjodr.2018.3.10.4
With this work it has been wanted to demonstrate that the reconstruction of
any person, does not have limits. We have absolutely all and each of the tools to solve
problems of aesthetic nature to patients. Many of these tools should be manufactured
individually for a particular case. Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Cosmetic
Surgery should not be divorced from Maxillofacial Prosthesis. The resolution of three
cases is presented with prostheses specially made for a particular person, with their
own measures and forms. It will be very comforting for each person to know that they
have reached the exact place where they solve their aesthetic problem with special
devices built for them. We have worked together with the surgeon and the prosthetist
in order to study each case and build the most appropriate device for the type of
problem to be solved. A work team will be essential to achieve excellence, because it
represents a new alternative of care
REVIEW ARTICLE | Oct. 30, 2018
An Interpretation of Rita Hayworth and the Shawshank Redemption from the Perspective of Benjamin’s Messianism
Guo Lei, Xiaomeng Xu
Page no 1155-1161 |
10.21276/sjhss.2018.3.10.2
It is believed that Walter Benjamin‟s theory is the combination with
theology and Marxism. His Messianic thought especially expressed the idea of
redemption which was the critique of the industrial progress. He was trying to criticize
the consumer economy which was full of powers and desires. At the same time, he
believed that Messiah is from the secular world and was trying to revert it to the
original world. Rita Hayworth and the Shawshank Redemption was a representative
work of expressing redemption. It not only redeemed himself but also helped other
people get redemption. This paper interprets the book of Rita Hayworth and the
Shawshank Redemption from the perspective of Benjamin‟s Messianisim. The first part
is the introduction of the book and Benjamin‟s Messianic thought. The second part is
the interpretations of the three protagonists: Andy, Red and Tommy. This part
illustrates the reflections of Messianic redemption thought in these three persons and
the Shawshank Prison. All of them wanted to revert back the original life and freedom.
The third part is about how to accelerate the coming of Messiah: the pursuit of secular
happiness and the death of tragic hero. The fourth part is the coming of Messiah and
getting redemption.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | Oct. 30, 2018
The Impacts of Reservoir Operation Modification Assessment; Case study Jebel Aulia Reservoir in Sudan
Yasir S. A. Ali
Page no 131-146 |
10.36348/sjce
Variation of Jebel Aulia Reservoir levels along White Nile River causes
wider variation of the wetted area. This adds to the challenges for the pumping water
for irrigation. Historically, there was always the tendency to maintain high reservoir
levels in favor of the upstream pumping stations. The aim of this study is to assess
possible impacts of changing the operation rules of Jebel Aulia Reservoir. Water
balance approach has been applied to investigate the existing and three modified
operation policy. The evaluated parameters include duration of high reservoir levels
preferred by pumping schemes, satisfaction of downstream water demands and area
of flood plain agriculture (Guroof), evaporation and hydropower generation. Scenario
2 was found to be the best in obtaining high reservoir level and given the highest
annual hydropower production. Scenario 3 was found to be the best in terms of
evaporation losses and the downstream demands.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | Oct. 30, 2018
Exploring Indonesian EFL Students’ Confidence in Speaking English using Screencast O Matic Combined with Inquiry Learning
Rini Fadhillah Putri, Rizqy Fadhlina Putri
Page no 1218-1222 |
10.21276/sjhss.2018.3.10.10
The purposes of this research were to investigate the implementation of
screencast o matic integrated with inquiry learning for improving students’soft skill
which focused on developing students’ self-confidence in speaking English and to
investigate the interaction occured among variables. Quantitative research method was
used with true experimental design in order to achieve the aims of the research.
Semester IV students of English Department of Muslim Nusantara Al-Washliyah
University were chosen as the sample of the research and divided into 30 students for
experimental class I and 30 students for experiment class II. The data found was
anlayzed by applying ANAVA (General Linear Models), normality test (one sample
Kolmogorov Smirnov) and homogeneity test (One way Anova) with SPSS 22 IBM
for Windows and MS. Excel in order to explore score obtained from each formulated
indicator. The finding showed that the implementation of screencast o matic using
inquiry learning significantly develops students’ self-confidence, eventhough there
was no interaction occured between students’ self confidence and speaking with Sig>
0.05. The obtained data showed that developing self-confindence through screencast o
matic integrated with inquiry learning with Sig > 0,05 (0,776 > 0,05). In short, the
students’ speaking skill taught with screencast o matic sofware was higher, but
students’ self-confidence was not developed by that software as students were a bit
hard to adapt using screencast o matic software that never be used by them in
advance.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | Oct. 30, 2018
Least Squares Weighted Residual Method for the Elastic Buckling of Euler Column with Fixed-Pinned Ends
Ikwueze EU, Ike CC, Ofondu IO
Page no 110-119 |
10.36348/sjce
The least squares weighted residual method was used in this work to solve
the boundary value problem (BVP) of an Euler column of length l fixed at x = 0, and
pinned at x = l. Polynomial shape (spline) functions for Euler columns with fixedpinned ends were used to obtain one – and two parameter buckling shape functions in
terms of unknown generalised parameters. The one and two parameter buckling shape
functions were used to construct least squares weighted residual integral statements of
the boundary value problem. The least squares weighted residual statements
simplified the boundary value problem (BVP) to algebraic eigenvalue – eigenvector
problems. The solution for non trivial cases yielded characteristic buckling equations
which were solved to obtain the buckling loads. One parameter coordinate shape
function yielded the critical load as Qcr = 21EI/l2, while the two parameter buckling
shape function yielded Qcr = 20.34614EI/l2. One parameter least squares weighted
residual solution yielded a relative error of 4 % while the two parameter least squares
weighted residual solution yielded a relative error of 0.77% compared to the exact
solution.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | Oct. 30, 2018
A Parametric Study for the Design of Truss Building Subjected To Wind Actions
Ayed Eid Alluqmani, Muhammad Tayyab Naqash
Page no 62-75 |
10.36348/sjce
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) is rapidly developing with the
government's vision (Saudi 2030 Vision) of working towards a developed nation by
the year 2030. Government have implemented various types of development such as
schools, government offices, hospitals, factories and, housing schemes, etc. It also
aims to implement green building designs thereby using a recyclable structural
material for construction such as Steel is a positive step. The use of truss design,
construction, erection and installation is very popular due to it conventional
configurations and popularity within the industry for its long spanning and lightness.
Nevertheless, its selection and optimum design still needs proper attention. This paper
addresses a parametric study to analyze and design single-story industrial buildings
located in Madinah City using structural analysis and design software SAP2000®.
Standards of the Saudi Building Codes SBC are used for the design purpose. The
basic data related to wind intensity; dead and live loadings are obtained from
SBC301. The dimensions of the two industrial buildings are (20mx35m and
30mx60m) with single span of 20m and 30m. Two different types of trusses are used
thus gave rise to four cases. The design is carried out for the maximum capacities
(compression, tension and shearing) of structural members to guarantee the structural
safety. The purpose of this study is to understand the design philosophy and to give
useful recommendations for the optimal and safe design of trusses with minimization
of construction cost and time savings of industrial buildings.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | Oct. 30, 2018
Picard’s Successive Iteration Method for the Elastic Buckling Analysis of Euler Columns with Pinned Ends
Charles Chinwuba Ike, Edwin Uchechukwu Ikwueze, Iheanyichukwu O. Ofondu
Page no 76-88 |
10.36348/sjce
In this work, the Picard’s successive iteration method was used to solve the
elastic buckling problem of Euler columns with pinned ends. The problem was
represented by a second order ordinary differential equation in the deflection function
subject to the boundary conditions at the pinned ends. The boundary value problem
was expressed in integral form, and the Picard’s iteration scheme developed from the
integral form. A suitable buckling shape function was used to obtain an initial
approximation to the deflection, and the Picard’s iteration scheme used to obtain first,
second and third iterations for the modal buckling functions through the use of
corresponding boundary conditions. Corresponding Picard’s approximations for the
first, second and third iterations of the critical buckling load were obtained as
1 2
( ) 9 6 0 / . ,
cr
P E I l ( ) 2 2 9 8361 / .
cr
EI l and ( ) 3 2 9 8657 / . .
cr
EI l The
errors in the first, second and third iterates of the critical buckling load were -2.732%,
-0.339% and -0.040% respectively. The use of the exact buckling shape function in
the Picard’s iteration scheme was found to result in the exact closed form solution for
the critical buckling load.