The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the implementation of ISO 38200:2018 to business competitiveness for wood industries. This research was conducted in several companies that use woods in central java of Indonesia with 163 respondents of companies that have plan to implement the ISO 38200:2018. The research background is due to lack of research on the benefits of ISO 38200:2018 in wood companies in Central Java Province of Indonesia. The data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires on september until october 2019 and analyzing data processing use Structural Equation Model (SEM) and software Linear Structural Model (LISREL) version 8.70. The results show that the implementation of ISO 38200:2018 has significantly influenced business competitiveness such as increase customer satisfaction index, increase sales, increase productivity and safety and employee satisfaction.

Background: Zinc is an essential mineral that is found in almost every cell in the body. It is a key factor in making many parts of the reproductive system work properly. Copper play important role in male fertility it is essential element for the production of male gametes, substantial amounts of cu can also be found in liquids associated with sperm in the epididymis and prostate, also effect the integral androgen distribution in terms of fertility on the line hypothalamic-pituitary-testis. Objective: To access the level of zinc and copper in serum among Sudanese male with abnormal semen analysis. Materials and Methods: This is a case control study carried out from Banoon fertility center in period from March to May 2018. We quantified the levels of Zn and Cu in serum samples from 50 patients of infertility and 50 healthy control people. These elements were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Results: Zn and Cu were significantly lower in infertile men patients, (0.269±0.093 mg/l) (0.223±0.084 mg/l) when compared with control group, (0.579±0.224mg/l) (0.821±0.179 mg/l), with P value (0.000) respectively.). Conclusion: There is a defect in levels of Zn and Cu in infertile men patients. The estimation of these trace elements could be a useful complementary in diagnosis and monitoring for infertility.

Due to the rise of unhealthy lifestyles among the young population, there is a need to develop a tool to assess their health-promoting behavior. Despite the importance of this issue, few studies have explored the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLP) among students, and literature from the East African region for this particular group is even more scarce. Objective. The main aim of this study was to validate a four-factor structure measurement model of the Health-promoting lifestyle Profile-II (HPLP-II) based on CFI, SRMR, and RMSEA among Kenyan undergraduate students Design. The study design was a cross-sectional analytical, that utilized quantitative methods Setting. The study was conducted in Kakamega County, located in Western Kenya. Analysis. Data were analyzed through confirmatory factor analysis, which was conducted using robust maximum likelihood estimation. The factor model was tested for validity and construct validity. Main outcome measures. Subscales physical activity, nutrition, interpersonal relationship and stress management of the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II Results. After omission of some items due to high correlation with variables in the same factor, a final 34 item model was analyzed. The overall 34-item tool had a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.79 indicating good reliability. The factors physical activity, stress management, nutrition, and interpersonal relationship had Cronbach coefficients of 0.70, 0.80,0.81 and 0.83 respectively. All the correlations were below the recommended cut-off point of 0.85, which indicated that the four-health promoting behavior factors achieved good discriminant validity. The RMSEA index was less than .08, RMSEA = 0.07, 90% CI = [0.07, 0.08], which is indicative of a good model fit. The SRMR was between .05 and .08, SRMR = 0.08, which implies that the model fits the data adequately, however the CFI (CFI=0.81 which is less than 0.9) and chi-square goodness of fit test (was significant χ2(318) = 686.69, p < .001,

Grasscutters are currently being explored as laboratory models for scientific researches. The aim of the study was to Identify and localize Nissl bodies in neurons of the cervical spinal cord segments of grasscutters using cresyl fast violent (CFV) stains and to further measure the neuronal sizes of both anterior and posterior horns of the gray matter of the spinal cord. Six grasscutters comprising of three males and three females were utilized for the study. The studies were done using light microscopically methods. The animals were sacrificed by the method of decapitation and spinal cord was removed by splitting the vertebrae. The segments were fixed, processed, sectioned and stained with CFV for detailed studies of the spinal cord segments of the grasscutter. The result of the present study showed that the gray matter was stained dark purple due to the abundant presence of Nissl bodies in the neuronal cell bodies while the outer zone of white matter stained relatively lighter due to the presence of nerve fibers in the region. The result of the histometrical studies of cell areas in the anterior horn has the mean average of 2.56± 0.13 and the largest cell sizes of the cervical spinal cord was recordedin the anterior horn to be in 6.36± 0.16 while the posterior horn has the smallest cells with mean values of 3.86± 0.24. These findings can be useful in understanding the biology of the rodent.

Objective: The present investigation was aimed to assess the effect of Forskolin (FL) against cognitive impairment produced by scopolamine in rats using various behavioral models such as Y-maze, Novel object recognition test (NORT) and some biochemical markers of Alzheimer’s disease. Methods: Rats were assigned to six different groups, each group consisting of six animals. The normal animals received distilled water, 10 ml/kg per orally (p. o.), FL (250, 500,750 µg/kg, p. o.) was administered once daily for two weeks. One the last day of treatment, 90 min. post- administration of the last dose of forskolin, amnesia was produced in rats by administration of scopolamine (3 mg/kg) intraperitonealy (i.p.). Then rats were trained to Y-maze and NORT protocol. Short term memory behavioral responses were recorded after 90 min of training session (retention memory) and 24 h after training (long term memory). Donepazil (3 mg/kg, p. o.) was used as a standard and was administered for 14 days to positive control groups. Biochemical parameters such as reduced glutathione (GSH), Lipid Peroxidation (MDA) and acetylcholinesterase activity were analyzed. Results: Administration of different doses of FL (250, 500,750 µg/kg) once daily for two weeks significantly improved the learning ability and the retention of learned memory in Y-Maze and NORT. Moreover, pre-treatment with FL significantly restored increased lipid peroxidation; normalized glutathione and increased acetylcholinesterase activity. Conclusion: Forskolin enhances cognitive performances of rats against memory impairment by forskolin. Antioxidant activity, mainly inhibition of reactive oxygen species generation by natural diterpenoid compound forskolin advocates its therapeutic efficacy in treating neurodegenerative diseases.

Zanthoxylum budrunga is a tree worthy of investigation due to its many reported phytoconstituents and properties of rich medicinal value. A comprehensive study on the fruits, stems, and leaves of Z. budrunga was carried out to find out and assess the blood glucose lowering capacity as well as antioxidant potential. In vivo Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) and in vitro 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging methods were applied to assess the hypoglycemic and antioxidant potentials of the plant extracts. Methanolic extract of Z. budrunga fruits (MZBF), methanolic extract of Z. budrunga stems (MZBS), and methanolic extract of Z. budrunga leaves (MZBL) showed graded dose-response relationship in OGTT. Most potent blood sugar level reduction was at the highest dose of 400mg/kg body weight with the values of 44.26%, 39.61%, and 36.98% for MZBF, MZBS, and MZBL respectively. Also MZBF, MZBS, and MZBL showed synergistic action with Glibenclamide with the value of 50.34, 43.02, and 45.11% blood glucose reduction, respectively. Comparative order of antioxidant activity was as fruits (IC50 30.6 ppm)>leaves (IC50 68.38 ppm)>stems (IC50 126.83 ppm) where ascorbic acid (IC50 0.17 ppm) was used as standard. The results indicate that Z. budrunga fruits, stems, and leaves have the potential to be used in hyperglycemic condition as folk medicine. Besides these, fruits and leaves may be used as functional food and preventive medicine for oxidative stress disorders like aging-induced disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, liver diseases, cancer etc.

Introduction: The mean of patient’s length of stay in the Emergency Department is considered to manage the patient’s crowing. This paper measures the length of stay and factors that could potentially influence on patient’s stay in emergency department. Objective(s): To reduce length of stay and early disposition of patient in in patient area for continuity of care. Design: Prospective study design used and evaluate intervention to improve patient safety. Settings: Emergency Department of a Tertiary Hospital Lahore Pakistan Methodology: By using the change theory of management we identify the factors which impact on Length of stay Educate and motivate staff, we developed and implemented Nurse physician hand over checklist as well as developed LOS tool in emergency, furthermore staff reviewed patient and gave reminder to consultant a fro early bed vacation. Moreover we empowered our nursing staff. Results: After implementation of kut Lewis model, there is huge fluctuation in the graph through march 2018 to January 2019 and it significantly increased in the month of February 2019 and the emergency length of stay dropped from 4.1 to 5 hours after we reviewed our process, retrained staff in the month of February after training and followup results dropped dramatically to 3 hours by March until April 2019. Conclusion: In conclusion, all factors directly impact on patient length of stay for this purpose management developed some strategies against this to overcome this issue. These strategies really help especially the bed management team played very important role on it.

Objectives: Carcinoma of the breast has commanded the interest of all the disciplines of medicine by magnitude and serious consequences of the lesion. In India the incidence of the disease is low in comparison to western countries. Cancer of the breast is the commonest cancer - affecting woman worldwide. The objective of this study is to determine the relative frequency of genetic abnormality in cases of Breast carcinoma. Methods: The present study includes observations of 25 cases diagnosed as breast carcinoma from Gujarat cancer and research institute and Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad, during the year of 2014-15. About 30 metaphase plates were observed in each case and finally, a photograph was obtained from a good quality metaphase slide. Correlation of chromosomal finding was done with similar studies done in past. Results: The findings in present study suggest no structural and/or numerical chromosomal abnormality was detected in peripheral blood lymphocytes of any patients. Conclusion: The Karyotypic study helps to find out some numerical as well as structural chromosomal abnormalities and also useful in implementing a cost effective management of detecting early breast cancer in family members and to provide them with necessary preventive measures and treatment.

Colonic obstruction due to sigmoid colon volvulus during pregnancy is a rare but complication with significant maternal and fetal mortality. That requires prompt surgical intervention (decompression) to avoid intestinal ischemia and perforation. We report the case of a 38-week pregnant woman with abdominal pain and subsequent development of constipation. Preoperative diagnosis was achieved using ultrasonography: the large bowel distension and a typical whirl sign - near a sigmoid colon transition point - suggested the diagnosis of sigmoid volvulus. The decision to refer the patient for emergency laparotomy was adopted without any ionizing radiation exposure, and the pre-operative diagnosis was confirmed after surgery. Sigmoid volvulus complicating pregnancy is a rare, non-obstetric cause of abdominal pain.

The global economy world has changed rapidly due to the rise of economic and technological variations featured by the incremental global competition which has made the directors of firms more accountable in carrying out their operations. Financial Decision making is one of the significant roles played by the organization management. Making decisions sheds lights on the whole financial affairs. This is not exceptional in working capital Decisions. Designing and developing working capital supervision influence the improvement of the firms’ operations. This study intends to find empirical evidence about the influence of working capital supervision on the performance of the firm. The performance evaluation measures include distinguished economic value added and market value added. In doing so, a sample composed of the firms listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange for a five year period including 2013 to 2018 has to be considered. The regression results will be present that there is no significant relationship between working capital supervision and supervised economic value added. However, the variables of working capital supervision and market value added are significantly associated. As a whole, the managers might enhance the firm’s financial performance through declining the liquidity cycle.

Background: Despite of sufficient and stable sunny conditions across the equatorial countries, there has been a high prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) in pregnancy. The reasons for increased prevalence of VDD are increased time spent indoors, dark skin, and adoption of covered clothing due to religious & cultural reasons, low socio-economic status that leads to chronically poor diet. The present study was undertaken to find Vitamin D deficiency in the pregnant women of North East India and to find the adverse feto-maternal outcomes associated with VDD. Methods: This prospective study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Gauhati Medical College & Hospital, Guwahati, Assam, and India over a period of one year. Sample size was 150 pregnant women attending antenatal clinic. Results: Out of 150 pregnant women 66 (44%) had deficient, 41 (27.3%) had insufficient and 43 (28.7%) had sufficient vitamin D levels. VDD was seen in extremes of age groups i.e. group ≤ 20 years and 31- 35 years. Multiparity and low socio-economic status was associated with vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency, no association was found between VDD and religion (Hindu & Muslim). There was significant association between Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency and occurrence of gestational hypertensive diseases and low birth weight babies. Rate of primary caesarean section was significantly high in vitamin D deficient women. No association was found between VDD and PROM/PPROM, preterm births, gestational diabetes mellitus and neonatal jaundice.

The paper describes the integration of Calvinism with the development of Switzerland. The work will be with the general spatial traffic, historical and linguistic features of the Swiss Confederation, to show the development of Calvinism and Protestantism in Switzerland. Swiss reformist movement took the final victory in 1541, and with the agreement of Zurich Calvinism is accepted throughout the protestant Switzerland. Many Swiss believe that today’s wealth of the Swiss credited exactly Calvin's doctrine. Reducing life as a means of justification to God, which is strongly promoted by the Catholic Church, is not only completely worthless, but also very selfish and harmful as it leaves the duties of this world. For its part, the marvelous work promoted by Calvin's doctrine seems to be the external expression of love toward the neighbor and loyalty to the homeland, but to God. The paper will also show the data of the average GDP per capita in Swiss cantons and compare them with the religious composition from 2013, with the assumption that because of the work ethic Protestants are those cantons in which the leading Protestant population will be better off than those in which leads Roman-Catholic religion.

Fibrous dysplasia is a developmental anomaly which involves the replacement of normal medullary space by abnormal fibrous osseous tissue in the affected bone. It has been reported to cause increased rate of bone resorption and bone refilling has been observed in <50% of the defect. Patients with fibrous dysplasia can have periodontitis which is an immuno-inflammatory disease of the supporting tissues of the teeth with classic signs of periodontal pockets, recession or both. The goal of periodontal therapy is to thoroughly debride the periodontal pockets so as to prevent further damage to the surrounding bone and regenerate the lost periodontal structures. However, the treatment of periodontitis subjects with fibrous dysplasia is unpredictable and hence possesses a greater challenge for the clinician. This is a first report of its kind in the literature. This case report presents a 32year old patient with monostotic fibrous dysplasia having periodontitis and was treated by non surgical periodontal therapy which include scaling, root planning and curettage with soft tissue LASER as a non-invasive treatment modality. Laser assisted periodontal therapy resulted in resolution of the periodontal pocket as well as significant radiographic bone fill at the end of 6month recall visit.

The Treasury Single Account (TSA) was recently implemented fully in the Nigerian economy by the present government in order to ensure prudence and probity in the management of financial resources. With the TSA government expects to block all loopholes and leakages of financial resources of the government and also ensure a robust financial management system. Mismanagement of public funds, corruption and other financial irregularities has been described as the greatest challenges of our time and their prevalence in governance has been identified as one major obstacle militating against rapid growth and development. TSA is a unified structure of government bank accounts enabling consolidation and optimal utilization of government cash resources. It is a bank account or a set of linked bank accounts through which the government transacts all its receipts and payments and gets a consolidated view of its cash position at any given time. The Federal Government’s directive to all revenue-generating agencies to close their accounts with commercial banks by February 28, 2015 and transfer same into a Consolidated Revenue Fund of the Federation and Treasury Single Account as a new electronic revenue collecting platform implemented recently by President Buhari has continued to generate debate across the country. This study examines the benefits of TSA as a tool for managing Public Finances and benefit government derived in implementing TSA in Nigeria and concludes that, proper implementation of TSA has helped tremendously in curbing mismanagement of Public finances, corruption, block leakages and other financial irregularities in the country.

The objective of this study was to empirically analyze the impact of the Nigeria capital market performance and her socio-economic development in the Country. The socio-economic development was proxy by the gross domestic product (GDP). While the capital market variable considered include stock market capitalization (SMC), stock market index (SMI), trade share (TS) and capital market saving ratio (CMRS). To ease understanding, the research is divided into five chapters. The study solely employed secondary source of data collection using the ordinary multiple regression analysis it was found that the capital market indices have not impacted significantly on the GDP. The government therefore advised to out up measures to stem up investors’ confidence and activities in the market performance so that if could contribute significantly to the Nigerian socio-economic development, allocates these funds to projects of best return to fund owners. This allocative function is critical in determining the overall growth and development of the economy. The functioning of the capital market affects liquidity, acquisition of information about firms, risk diversification, savings mobilization and cooperate control. Therefore, by altering the quality of these services, the functioning of stock markets can alter the rate of economic development. Many efforts have been towards understanding the relationship between capital and the economic development of Nigeria. The capital market of every economy is setup for the attainment of specific objective which includes economic growth and stability; Data were collected and analyzed using multiple regression analysis. These include F-test to determine the significance of the individual variables and the second order test, which include test for autocorrelation, normality test and heteroscedasticity. The result of the study shows that the capital market has a positive and significant impact on the country’s economic development. On the strength