Eriosema psoraleoides is a plant used in ethnomedicine in the South East of Nigeria to manage conditions related to diabetes. The present research work is aimed at investigating the antidiabetic potentials of the leaves of this plant. The plant was collected in Nsukka, Nigeria, and authenticated by a taxonomist. Phytochemical screening was carried out on the leaves of the plant using standard procedures. The acute toxicity was tested using the Lorke’s method. Extraction was carried out successively with n-hexane, ethylacetate and 80% aq. Methanol, by maceration. In vivo tests were carried out on alloxan-induced diabetic male Wistar rats, using these three extracts for 14 days. Glibenclamide, 4mg/kg body weight was used as positive control. Statistical analysis was carried out using standard error of the mean and student’s t-test. Blood glucose measurements were done with a glucometer. Phytochemical results showed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, steroids, anthraquinones, and reducing sugars. In the toxicity test no deaths were recorded even at 5000mg/kg body weight of the rats. In the acute antidiabetic test no significant reduction in blood glucose levels were recorded for any of the extracts in the first 180 minutes on day 1. In the chronic test, the n-hexane and ethylacetate extracts demonstrated significant (p<0.05) reductions in blood glucose levels up to 77.5%, and 75.3%, on the 14th day, respectively, compared to 79.3% for Glibenclamide. The biochemical results show the plant has antihyperlipidaemic, hepatic and renal protective effects. Our results tend to justify the use of this plant in ethnomedicine.

This article aims firstly to put up the discursive modalities and speech acts that have a pragmatic value in the text of “The inaugural lesson” by Keba Mbaye. Secondly, it will be a question of analyzing and interpreting the pragmatic value of these speech acts that make successful the communication in terms of persuasion. Thus we will precise the environmental framework of the study. We will inventory and decipher the discursive function of these particular constituent elements of the speech and finally we will put in relation these discursive elements that make persuasive the arguments. The pragmatic approach of communication proposes techniques for the interpretation about what is explicitly or implicitly said and also about the presupposition, will help finding out and analyzing some speech acts from the organizational point of view of the speech. The first part deals with the problematics and offers a presentation of the framework. As for the second part, it focuses on the different discursive mechanisms pointed up by the speaker to accomplish his purpose which is at the same time convincing and persuading the hearers.

The 2019-novel corona virus (nCoV) is a major source of disaster in the 21th century. However, the lack of specific drugs to prevent/treat an attack is a major need at this current point of time. In this regard, we conducted a systematic review to identify major drug gable targets in corona virus (CoV). We searched PubMed and RCSB database with keywords HCoV, NCoV, corona virus, SERS-CoV, MERS-CoV, 2019-nCoV, crystal structure, X-ray crystallography structure, NMR structure, target, and drug target till Feb 3, 2020. The search identified seven major targets (spike protein, envelop protein, membrane protein, protease, nucleocapsid protein, hemagglutinin esterase, and helicase) for which drug design can be considered. There are other 16 nonstructural proteins (NSPs), which can also be considered from the drug design perspective. The major structural proteins and NSPs may serve an important role from drug design perspectives. However, the occurrence of frequent recombination events is a major deterrent factor toward the development of CoV-specific vaccines/drugs.

Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a complicated heterogeneous disorder associated with an increased risk of maternal death. There is a major variation in the literature about the genetics of pre-eclampsia (PE). This study aims to estimate the association between Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A (VEGFA) gene single nucleotide polymorphism (rs1570360) and the development of PE in the Egyptian population. Genotyping was performed using the tetra-primer amplification-refractory mutation system (ARMS-PCR) and the results were confirmed by the PCR-RFLP method in 100 patients with PE and 100 PE-free patients. Results revealed that GG (wild type) genotype of rs1570360 was identified in 100 patients, (42%) of them had pre-eclampsia. SNP genotype AA was found in 84 patients and (42%) of them had pre-eclampsia. The frequency of AG genotypes was significantly low (16 %). However, the odds ratio was 40.37 for homozygocity and 9.5 for heterozygous alleles. Our study concluded that the AA and AG genotypes were not associated with PE. There is a significant relationship between the AA allele polymorphism and the severity of PE.

Among the branchial cysts, those arising from second arch, which appear in the mid neck are the most common. It is followed by cysts arising from the third and fourth arch, which appears in the lower neck, supraclavicular or suprasternal location. But branchial cysts presenting as a mediastinal mass is very rare. Here we present four different clinical presentations of branchial cysts with their gross morphology and microscopic findings.

Calcifying Odontogenic cyst (COC) or Gorlin cyst is an uncommon benign cystic lesion which develops from the odontogenic epithelium. According to WHO it is classified under developmental Odontogenic cysts. They occupy a spectrum ranging from a cyst to an odontogenic tumor. It most commonly involves the anterior region of the jaws. The characteristic feature of COC is the presence of Ghost cells within the epithelium that has a propensity to calcify. In this paper we illustrate a case of COC in a 14-year-old girl, and the investigations done to arrive at the final diagnosis.

This paper aims to estimate the effect of Non-oil Exports on GDP, FDI in Saudi Arabian economy for the period between 1970 and 2019. Moreover, it investigates the causal relationship between Non-oil Exports, GDP and FDI applying the ARDL Bound test and Bootstrap Toda - Yamamoto (1995) causality test. The findings of this study suggest that Saudi Arabia followed an export-led growth path and that economic growth has a significant effect on the FDI growth process via export growth channels, in particular, non-oil exports. The overall findings of this study suggest that non-oil exports growth positively affects GDP in the Saudi economy, which in turn supports increased demand for FDI, when all things are considered equal. The results also show that an encouragement of non-oil exports is a necessity for an effective GDP, FDI in KSA. Therefore, in designing policies towards this direction, economy policy response lag need to be taken into. thus we suggest encouraging non-oil export activities in order to stimulate long-term economic growth in KSA this is by supporting increase demand for FDI. A favorable FDI would reduce the cost of production for producers in the non-oil sector. Thus, leading to a growth in the economy.

The aim of this study was to investigate the level of essential and non essential metals in Bulla of Ensete ventricosum and soil samples in West Showa Zone. K and Na were analyzed using FAES, Ca and Mg were determined complecometric titration method and the other metals with FAAS after appropriate quality control measures were undertaken to verify and maintain the quality of the data generated. The optimized wet digestion method for Bulla and soil analysis was found effective for all of the minerals and as it was evaluated through the recovery experiment, a good percentage recovery 96.85% (Fe in Bulla) to 112% (Pb in soil) was obtained for the minerals identified. The results of this study showed that the average concentrations were ranged in order decreasing in (mgkg-1) 3366.28(K) >1881.57(Na) > 593.44(Mg) > 862.85(Ca) > 55.68(Fe) > 6.99(Zn)>3.09(Cu)>2.96(Mn). Cd and Pb were not detected for Bulla and 3521.11(K)>3497.85(Mg)>3461.59(Fe)>3294.93(Ca)>1096.89(Na)>(93.99(Mn)>16.74(Zn)>3.77(Cu)>0.26(Cd) for soil sample and Pb was not detected. The concentrations of the metals were also compared with recommended maximum permissible limits and some international reports; and found to be in a good agreement indicating no exposure risk of using the bulla and corm of Ensete ventricosumunder the current situation. Statistical test of significance using ANOVA revealed that there were significant differences (P<0.05) between the values of metals in the bulla and soil samples obtained from all the sampling sites except Zn and Fe for bulla and Ca in soil.

Mobile telecommunication and information technology is of utmost important in our social life, the economy, business transactions and education among others. Regrettably, the interacting innovations in products, services and technologies with a general convergence or blurring of distinctions between platforms, products and services has created enormous impacts and challenges in the mobile telephony sector. This paper therefore, seeks to examine these impacts and challenges of mobile telecommunications sector in Cameroon. In order to attain the above objectives, we employed content analysis in this regard. This paper therefore, conclude with some robust recommendations which if effectively implemented, will go a long way to improve on the mobile telecommunication sector as a result, enhance the digital economy of Cameroon.

Objective: The present study was designed to evaluate the acute and chronic behavioral and antidepressant effects of aqueous extracts of GS leaves in standardized rats models of depression. Materials and Methods: Aqueous extracts of GS leaves were prepared, and phytoconstituents were determined using appropriate chemical analytical methods. Animals were divided into five groups: The control group received vehicle (saline water 10ml/rat). Amitriptyline (20mg/kg b.w., IP) was used as the positive control or standard group while the treated rats received GS (100, 200, and 400mg/kg body weight i.p). In the acute treatment study, a single dose was administered 30 min prior to testing. For the chronic treatment study, a single dose was administered daily for 14 days. In the chronic dose study, the behaviors of all groups were assessed for antidepressant activity 30 min after the last treatment dose on the 14th day. Different standardized depression models were used for behavioral tests to evaluate the antidepressant activity, such as forced swim test (FST), and tail suspension test (TST) test. Results: The preliminary pharmacological screening with acute dosing exhibited the antidepressant activity of GS, but its antidepressant activity was more enhanced after repeated dosing. In comparison with the acute studies, chronic dose studies displayed a significant antidepressant manifestation in the behavioral patterns when compared to the vehicle controls. Conclusion: The results obtained in this study suggest that aqueous extracts of GS may possess an antidepressant activity.

The purpose of this research is to analyze the influence of company size, profitability, Leverage, and opinion Audit on the Audit Delay on mining Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange period 2014 – 2018. And to analyze whether Audit quality can moderate company size, profitability, Leverage, and opinion Audit on the Audit Delay on the mining listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange period 2014 – 2018. The method used is a quantitative method. The population in this study is all companies included in the mining sector listed on the Indonesia Stock exchange for five years, 2014 – 2018. Determination of the number of samples carried out using purposive sampling technique with non probability sampling technique so that the samples used in this study as much as 91 companies. The data collection techniques in this research are done in several ways, namely with documentation and library studies. The Data obtained was subsequently analyzed with a double linear regression analysis model using SPSS program support version 20.00. However, before the multiple regression analyses were first carried out analysis of the descriptive statistical regression and test of classical assumptions. The results showed that profitability, Leverage and Audit opinions have significant effect on Audit Delay. Meanwhile, company size has no effect on Audit Delay. Also for quality auditing is able to moderate company size, profitability, and Leverage on Audit Delay. Audit quality does not moderate the influence of Audit opinions on Audit Delay.

Nowadays, supermarkets are almost developed with much technological advancement. People purchase different items from the supermarkets and put them into a trolley because it is the easiest method used in supermarkets to carry goods. However, throughout the whole process of shopping, customer must push the trolley manually by their own effort and when it comes to the billing process customers must wait in long queues to pay their bills. This is a time wasting process due to the busy schedule of people. To avoid these problems the research groups have introduced an effective and highly advance system. To swamp these problems, Shopping malls use this technique as a strategy to increase the number of purchasers. In big cities, we can observe an enormous flash at shopping malls on weekends. This becomes even more when there is diversity of offers and discount. The prevailing billing system is a bit time consuming. So, we thought of inventing a remedial electronic product to catch-up with this problem. We call it “Human Guided Smart Cart for billing system”.

Introduction: Maternal RBC alloimmunization results from exposure and response to a foreign RBC antigen. Transplacental fetal to maternal hemorrhage is the most common cause of alloimmunization. Rh incompatibility can lead to either fetuses with hydropic features or non hydropic. The precise mechanism leading to the development of hydrops is not certain. All direct fetal sequelae of hemolytic disease relate to the development of anemia. In general, the fetus tolerates mild to moderate anemia well. However, metabolic complications develop as the anemia worsens. Because the RBC is the principal fetal buffer, a metabolic acidemia with hyperlactatemia develops in fetuses with severe anemia. Objective: To compare the difference in mean hemoglobin and hematocrit concentration between Rh-hydropic, non hydropic and control group and further based on severity of hydrops. Methods: A Total of 40 pregnant patients were enrolled which included 10 hydropic fetuses of Rh isoimmunised mothers, 10 non hydropic fetuses of Rh isoimmunized mothers. Control group included 18 Rh positive women without any fetal complication and 2 fetuses in women undergoing cordocentesis. Blood sampling was done at time of intrauterine transfusion and sent for estimation of hemoglobin and hematocrit in fetal blood. Pregnancies were followed up till delivery and fetal outcome noted. Result: Mean values of haemoglobin in hydrops group are 4.54g %, as compared to 6.65g % and 14.26 g % in non-hydrops and control group. Mean haematocrit in hydropic group is 13.91% as compared to 20.25% and 43.51% in non hydropic and control group. The mean haemoglobin concentration in mild hydrops was 5.17g % as compared to 2.7g % in severe hydrops. Conclusion: There was severe hemoglobin and hematocrit deficit in hydropic fetuses as compared to non hydropic and normal fetuses matched for the gestation age. Thus severity of anemia can be considered a strong marker for development of hydrops in Rh isoimmunized fetuses.

Career management has come to stay in this era of technological and economic changes in the world, and the way and nature of the career with how people pursue it has changed. Educational organizations therefore, has the need to improve their management so as to achieve better outcome and sustain their continuous competitive advantages over time. Organization assist employees to manage career by establishing different career management programs. Organization may also contribute to career identity by providing abundant opportunities for self-development, advancement and mentoring of their staff to ensure effectiveness and efficiency through career management practices. This paper examines and assess career management practices in educational organizations’ effectiveness and efficiency by reviewing literatures and how it can influence the organization by considering strategies, techniques, needs of individuals and needs of an organization towards educational organization success and performance. This paper shall do justice to career management techniques, principles and components of an effective career management and supports given to various staff to develop their career while working in a given organization.

Vocabulary learning is an indispensable part of English learning. In recent years, various Foreign Journal Reading Apps have sprung up and become prevalent in China. Accordingly, it has become a choice for many people to expand their vocabulary by learning foreign journals. Based on intensive reading of foreign journals, this paper focuses on the effect of audio auxiliary input mode on Incidental Vocabulary Acquisition of college students. Research shows: compared with single visual input, this input model is more helpful for the participants to acquire vocabulary knowledge in spelling, meaning and application, and improve the efficiency of incidental vocabulary acquisition.