Assessment of the level of contaminations from possible impact of crude oil on soil ecosystem is imperative for the determination of environmental acceptability. This study investigated this impact ex-situ using a culture-dependent approach to evaluate the total microbial counts; physicochemical tools to determine the cation exchange capacity (CEC), metal leachates, exchangeable bases (Mg, Ca, Na and K), pH, total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) and the overall effects on plants as indices of toxicity. The experiment demonstrated that at 1.5 – 3.5% contamination across days-zero to -28, there was a significant (p<0.05) increase in total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) from 0.03 ± 0.00 to 0.07 ± 0.00 with increase in acidity from pH 5.2 ± 0.00 to 4.0 ± 0.00 and a reduction in cation exchange capacity (CEC) from 0.82 ± 0.05 to 0.70 ± 0.11mEq and exchangeable bases with an augmented increase in phytotoxic elements and metal leachates. A reduction in microbial biomass from control, 1.30 x 109, to 3.6 x 108 cfu on week one as contamination increased and induction of hydrocarbonclastic organisms thereafter across weeks two and four, 3.88 x 108 and 4.40 x 108 cfu respectively was an indication of a reduction in microbial diversity. Ecosystem dynamics and mineralization were impaired and disrupted and the entire soil biochemistry altered with adverse effects on plant health.

The dominance and crucial role of fast food restaurants in the food service delivery process in Nigeria is without dispute. Against this background, the purpose of this study is to examine the influence of food quality, customers’ service, physical environment and security on customers’ intention to revisit a restaurant. The study also sought to ascertain the extent of gender difference in customers revisit intention. A survey research design and convenience sampling method was adopted in this study. Questionnaires were distributed to 350 patrons of fast food restaurants in Yenagoa metropolis Bayelsa state Nigeria. The descriptive analysis of the respondent shows that male are the dominant patrons of fast food restaurants. Also middle income earners and self-employed are the most common among the respondents, Furthermore, the result shows that there is gender difference in customers’ intention to revisit a restaurant, Equally, the study found that food quality, customers’ service, physical environment and security significantly influence customers revisit intention. The paper posits that customer intention to revisit a restaurant is contingent upon food quality, customers service quality, physical environment quality and provision of adequate security. Consequent upon these findings, this paper recommends among others the inclusion of restaurants operations among the functions of the government regulatory agency in charge of food and drugs administration and control, and the training and retraining of employees on the strategies of effectively managing customers’ relation.

Background: The present healthcare organizational landscape is experiencing a myriad of issues that have resulted in more and more nurses quitting. Job satisfaction is defined as the employees' feelings and behaviors towards their job. The healthcare system of Saudi Arabia is composed of considerable numbers of expatriate nurses from different countries, bringing about diversity. Compared to the past data, there has been an increment in the rate of nurses quitting, meaning a reduction in job satisfaction. This study determines the factors influencing job satisfaction among nurses working in Cardiac Center Hail in Saudi Arabia. Methods: The study utilized a retrospective study based on prospective data collection focusing on the nursing staff's responses to the staff satisfaction survey in Cardiac Center Hail (CCH). The convenience sampling technique of data collection was adopted since it is incredibly prompt, economical, fast, less sophisticated, and easy to research. This method is random and hence eliminates bias in the research. The data collection process utilized inclusion criteria to ensure high quality and reliable data s obtained. Results: It can be observed the job satisfaction in the Cardiac Center Hail is average since the highest percentage of job satisfaction scores ranges between being average and very good for most of the influencing factors. The most dissatisfying factor in the institution was the food supply, followed by the communication system, transportation, and working hours. Conclusion: This information is critical for utilization by policymaking in developing long-term sustainable strategies for promoting a higher retention rate of nurses through offering favorable conditions to promote health care quality deliverance. . Improvements include allocating allowances, reducing the workload on the nurses by maintaining the required shift time, compensate on overtime, improve the communication system, food should be properly cooked, fresh, and balanced, reduce congestion in accommodation & provide appropriate accessories, and establish proper and reliable transport system.

Loranthaceae are epiphytic hemiparasitic plants causing a lot of damage to cultivated or spontaneous woody species, but these parasitic plants are also used to treat a wide spectrum of diseases traditionally. It is with a view to searching for new sources of bioactive compounds that the present study was conducted with the aim of exploring the endophytic mycoflora of the haustoria of Phragmanthera capitata. The isolation of the endophytic fungi of P. capitata was done on a PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar) medium. The identification was on the basis of macroscopic and microscopic observations using identification keys. The mass culture of the isolated fungi was made on a solid medium based on rice and the extraction with ethyl acetate. 20 endophytic fungi belonging to 7 genera and 2 unidentified species were isolated from P. capitata: Aspergillus, Trichoderma, Penicillium, Cladosporium, Aureobasidium, Mucor and Fusarium. Flavonoids, tannins, anthocyanins and coumarins were detected in all extracts of these endophytic fungi. The endophytic fungi associated with this plant would also be a potential source of bioactive compounds and the exploration of medicinal plants, and habitats of endophytes would be an advantageous path for the discovery of new species of endophytes and new bioactive secondary metabolites.

Bhasma’s are one of the exceptional preparations therapeutically used in Ayurveda and have been used as effective drugs for centuries without any noticeable hazardous effects. Minerals, metals and poisonous herbs are used in Ayurvedic medicine after several processing. Hartala (orpiment) Bhasma (incinerated powder of Arsenic) is one such preparation containing Arsenic as a main ingredient. In present study, critical review of Ayurvedic literature regarding Hartala is described in detail. Several classical texts of Rasa Shastra are reviewed in an attempt to provide the detailed description about Hartala like its Praptisthan (Occurrence), Prayaya (Synonyms), Vargikaran (Classification), Karma (Pharmacological properties), Ashuddha Hartala Dosha, its prativisha (antidote), Shodhana (Purification), Marana (Incineration), Matra (Therapeutic dose), Chikitisiya Prayog (Therapeutic indications), Satvapatana (Extraction), artificial methods of Hartala preparation. It is used only in purified and detoxified condition for the therapeutic purposes as internal as well as external medicine.

Persons with disabilities are important part of human diversity. With increase in population there come various challenges in before disabled people. Their conditions in respect of dignified living are continue to be complicated. Though after constitution of United Nations Convention for the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD), there come significant changes in respect to the rights of disabled people. This paper tries discussing contemporary laws and its responsiveness towards people with disabilities. It is also dealing with constitutional commitments towards persons with disabilities. The paper concludes despite having laws and polices related to disabilities, there is need to change the societal attitude towards disability. This can be achieved by following the CRPD’s mantra of ‘nothing about us, without us’.

Our purpose is to determine the prevalence of urinary incontinence and its relation to various factors among pregnant women in the local population. A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted among 105 pregnant women attending routine antenatal care (ANC) in Al Ain Hospital. Participants were screened for urinary incontinence using the International. Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire -Urinary Incontinence (ICIQ-UI Short Form). English and Arabic Versions. Of 105 pregnant women, 49% (n=51) complained of Urinary Incontinence. Stress incontinence being the most common type accounting for 52% women, followed by Urge incontinence with 42%. 50% women reported leaking no more than once a week; in 76% of them the volume was small in amount. Majority (60.4%) of the women reported that incontinence had no or minimum effect on their quality of life.The incidence of incontinence increased with advanced age where 65% of the older age group (> 35 years) complained of UI compared to 42% of the younger age group (≤35 years) (P = 0.027). Urinary incontinence was experience more in multiparous women compared to primiparous (p=0.034). Also, women with multiple vaginal deliveries had more UI compared to Csections (P = 0.012). There was no significant correlation between the presence of UI and other factors such as Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension, Urinary tract infections and Constipation. In conclusion, a significant proportion of pregnant women experienced urinary incontinence which was not reported to their primary care providers. Therefore, more education and awareness must be enforced to ensure early detection and management.

This study aims to examine the effect of Fraud Triangel, and Personal Attitude on the tendency of fraudulent use of SOA funds (a case study in an elementary school in West Cikarang District, Bekasi Regency). The population of this study was 45 public elementary schools in West Cikarang sub-district. Researchers took the entire population as a sample. This research method is a quantitative method. Based on the results of the research and discussion conducted, it can be concluded that the results of the analysis and hypothesis testing indicate that H1 is rejected and H2 is accepted. This finding implies that in general the Fraud Triangel (X1) has no effect on the use of SOA funds (Y) in Elementary School Education institutions, but Personal Attitude (X2) affects the use of SOA funds (Y) in Elementary School Education institutions. The results of the questionnaire illustrate that there is no fraudulent fraud found in the financial statements. This proves the results of the empirical analysis on the Sig value test. Sig. for the effect of Fraud Triangel (X1) on (Y) the use of SOA funds is 3.50 > 0.05 and the t value is 7.39 > t table 3.29, so it can be concluded that H1 is rejected which means there is no influence of Fraud Triangel (X1) on (Y) trend fraudulent use of SOA funds. Based on the results of hypothesis testing that has been carried out, it is found that Personal Attitude (X2) has an effect on the use of SOA funds, this is known from the value of Sig. for the influence of Personal Attitude (X2) on Y the tendency of fraudulent use of SOA funds is 0.005 < 0.05 and the t value is 2.895 < t table 3.295, so it can be concluded that H1 is accepted which means that there is an influence of Personal Attitude (X2) on (Y) the use of funds. SOA. Personal Attitude has a Positive Effect on the use of SOA Funds.

Most people consuming alcohol, weather in moderate or large quantities also take medications which may be a prescription based medicine or a over the counter medications at least occasionally causing serious possible interactions. The aim of our study was to characterize the adverse outcomes associated with alcohol and alcohol interacting medications in patients. A questionnaire survey was conducted for a period of six months in Urban health centre with a sample size of 500. All adult and older adults male patients taking alcohol who were on medication for chronic conditions and male Patients who are of age between 30-75 years were included in the study. Data I0IOthe questionnaire was analyzed using appropriate statical tools. POSAMINO criteria was used to assess the potential alcohol drug interactions. In the study population, 40.8% of participants belonged to age group of 41-50. Majority of 60% participants were consuming alcohol weekly 60% of the study participants were consuming alcohol since past 5-10 years. Sixty percent of the participants do not miss there dose after consumption of alcohol. Almost 60% of the participants were not injured after consumption of alcohol. twenty percent of the participants were having potential alcohol drug interactions with anti diabetics drugs were as 20% of the participants were having potential alcohol drug interactions with anti hypertensive drugs, Our study found considerable alcohol- medication interaction. There is a need for educating the people regarding stopping of alcohol consumption while on medications.

Summary: The management of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) during pregnancy remains a clinical challenge for oncologists, obstetricians, patients and their families. Although the incidence of AML during pregnancy is low at 1 in 75,000 pregnancies, cancer is the second most common cause of maternal death behind pregnancy-related vascular complications. Due to the small number of patients diagnosed, there are only retrospective reviews and case series to guide complex management decisions. Case Report: A 35-year-old woman presented to our facility at 32 weeks' gestation after being found to have hyperleukocytosis, neutropenia, and anemia during a routine antenatal evaluation. Bone marrow aspiration demonstrated a diagnosis of AML. The blast population compromised 93% of the cellular elements.

Background: The tongue is a muscular hydrostat that forms the floor of the mouth, perform functions like mastication, speech, taste and osculation. The tongue is relatively affected by both oral and systemic conditions in all ages and acts as a “mirror” for oral manifestations of systemic diseases. Prevalence of tongue lesions varies due to demographic and/or geographic differences of the sample studied, differences in the diagnostic criteria, methodological approaches, and sampling methods employed. Objective: To determine the socio-demographic distribution of different categories of tongue lesions and their oral presentations. Methods: Information were retrospectively retrieved from Maxillofacial Clinical and Surgical day cases registers. Data such as age, gender; duration of lesion and location of lesions on the tongue and category of lesion were also extracted using relevant descriptive and inference statistics All statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Ninety- two cases were recruited retrospectively from two tertiary centers with a male preponderance of 53.3% (n= 49). The mean age of presentation of tongue lesions in the study is 41.1years  22.4 years, dorsum of the tongue presented the highest number of occurrences of tongue lesions (52.2%). The most common lesions on the dorsum of the tongue in this study are squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), benign migratory glossitis and irritation fibroma. The mean age of presentation for benign lesion is 23years, inflammatory/reactive lesion 44.9years and malignant lesions 51.6years respectively. The mean duration of tongue lesions in our study is 9.1 months (median = 6 months), mean duration of presentation of benign lesions (14.8 months) was longer than that of malignant lesions (6.4 months). The association between duration and category of lesion is statistically significant at p < 0.0001. Conclusion: Delayed clinical presentation by patients and patronage of unorthodox traditional doctors contribute to the overtly increased incidence of oral malignancies in Sub-Saharan Africa; this coupled with improper or lack of accurate record keeping may have also culminated in this increased prevalence of oral malignancies. All tongue surfaces can be affected, gender predilections for any of the surfaces is yet to be affirmed by any study however aging is related to malignant occurrences.

Soil communities, the microorganisms, are the initial and primary recipients of hydrocarbons or any xenobiotics incidented on the soil. This study evaluated the biology of soil organisms, ex-situ; the hydrocarbonclastics and non-hydrocarbonclastics, following an exposure to spent engine oil. The result demonstrated that at low and moderate contaminations of 1.5 and 2.5% w/w, hydrocarbons reduced the microbial population from control, 1.28 x109 cfu, to 3.42 x108 and 3.06 x 108cfu on week one respectively. However, at increased contaminations of 3.5% w/w, hydrocarbons from large oil spills weaken microbial ability to degrade the added hydrocarbons as the prejudicial nature reduced the population to 1.62 x 108cfu on week one. Overall, across the weeks, there was insurgence of hydrocarbon-degrading organisms, the hydrocarbonclastics, which on the other hand induced a limitation in microbial diversity. The isolated hydrocarbonclastic microorganisms in the descending order of their biodegradation potentials are: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Arthrobacter, Alealigena, Corynebacter, Flavo-bacterium, Archromobacter, Micrococcus, Norcardia and Myco-bacterium. Thus within the ecosystem they devised metabolic diversity with increased catabolic properties primarily aimed at biodegrading the xenobiotics; making them hydrocarbonclastic organisms.

Coronavirus disease caused by SARS – CoV–2, is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Knowledge and awareness about risk factors, symptoms, screening methods and therapeutic methods reduces the mortality and morbidity. To determine the knowledge, awareness and attitude about COVID–19 in urban and rural areas of north Karnataka. A prospective questionnaire survey was conducted for a period of six months in urban and rural areas of north Karnataka, with a sample size of 316. All above 18 years and above were included in the study. Data from the questionnaire was analysed using appropriate statistical tools. Out of 316 participants, 40% were 21 – 30 age of participants compared to other age groups, 52.8% of participants were under higher secondary and above educational status, 52.4% participants were found to be allergic and 45.6% are non- allergic, 65.5% are from urban and 34.5% from rural, 69.9% individuals were attending educational programmes, 58.9% were employed. Almost 73.1% were considered to have knowledge about curability of Covid-19. 73.7% had knowledge about pneumonias a risk factor of Covid-19.71.8% had knowledge about common symptom dry cough as a Covid-19. 74.1% had knowledge about immune boosting as a preventive measure of Covid-19.The knowledge and level of awareness is seen in most of the participants. There is need of developing effective interventional programmes to educate people about Covid-19. These will promote better outcome.

The purpose of this study is to addresses overview of AI and its use within Indonesian law. The discussion aims to be nuanced while also being understandable to those who do not have a technical background and to investigate AI's application relating to the formation of Indonesian laws. This study is a qualitative study. Indonesian regulations only apply to individuals and legal entities that are legally recognized legal subjects. AI is not intelligent in the sense of human cognition, nor intelligent thinking machines. AI is the ability to train computer how to do specific task. The role of the state in providing legal protection should be defined. This legal protection is required to provide legal certainty to the AI user community, both through AI-specific laws and regulations, as well as special institutions authorized to oversee the use of AI in Indonesia.

Odontomas are common occurrences in the oral cavity and can be classified as complex or compound. Compound odontomas are rare and present in the extra-osseous soft tissues. In this case, the odontoma led to the impaction of permanent teeth, due to which removal of the lesion was advised.