The main of this study examines the long-run relationship between foreign direct investment and infrastructure on economic growth in Lao PDR using time series data from 1995-2020. The empirical evidence of cointegration among the variables in the long run by Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds test estimates. The empirical results indicate that the FDI variable has a positive and significant impact on the level of Laos’ economic growth in the long run. Similarly, infrastructure variables such as telecommunication, electricity, and air transport play important roles in supporting economic growth in the long run and there are positive and statistically significant impacts at the level. As a result, to achieve the target of sustainable economic growth the government of Laos should attract and sustain more foreign direct investment and improve the infrastructure such as telecommunication, electricity, and air transport to boost economic growth shortly.

Environmental philosophy aims to prompt an effective human response to connected problems by understanding the unquestioned beliefs and presumptions. Tagore's environmental philosophy differs from other philosophers by promoting a holistic view of the environment. Tagore's environmental thought recognizes the intrinsic value of all living beings and emphasizes a spiritual and conscious transformation in humans' relationship with nature. Ambedkar's ideas are crucial to the dominant discourse, which is characterized by a concern for transforming the natural world to address social issues generated. The focus of this paper is on the impact of Gandhi's, Ambedkar's, and Tagore's environmental thoughts on Indian environmentalism.

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genomics are producing ever-larger reservoirs of rich biodata. The plant needs a significant alteration in metabolism to endure unfavorable environmental stress circumstances, such as drought and environmental stresses. This alteration comprises considerable transcriptome reprogramming upon the onset of the stress and transcription and gene expression regulation. Crops including cotton, maize, and potatoes have benefited from the introduction of many genes obtained from Bacillus thuringiensis. The genes increase the plants' resistance to insect assaults, which lowers or even eliminates the need for certain pesticide treatments. An increasing amount of research suggests that plants' nutritional status in minerals has a major impact on their ability to adapt to harsh environmental conditions. Being complex creatures, plants may face a variety of biotic and abiotic challenges in their natural habitat. A number of biotic and abiotic pressures coincide as a result of global warming, which lowers agricultural production. Different biometrical analyses, including path coefficient, discriminant function, generation means, line x tester, triple test cross, stability parameters, D2 statistics, metroglypth, diallel, partial diallel, triallel, quadriallel, etc., are performed in plant breeding and genetics. Two kinds of food plants, such as Oryza sativa and Arabidopsis thaliana, have had their whole genomes sequenced. The production of ABA involves the enzymes zeaxanthin epoxidase (ZEP), 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED), and ABA-aldehyde oxidase (AAO). Drought tolerance is increased in plants that overexpress these genes.

Simulation has emerged as an instrumental tool for continuous professional development (CPD) within the nursing profession, providing a controlled environment to replicate real-life healthcare scenarios. This study delves into the multifaceted significance of CPD for nurses and how simulation bridges the theory-practice gap. The integration of simulation into CPD programs offers personalized learning experiences, fostering interprofessional collaboration and enhancing competency and communication skills among healthcare professionals. Real-world examples and case studies demonstrate the positive impact of simulation on nursing practice and patient care. Moreover, this paper explores the diverse modalities of simulation and their applications in different healthcare settings. Simulation, as a conduit between theory and practice, empowers nurses to continually refine their clinical knowledge and skills, ultimately elevating the quality of patient care. This article sheds light on the transformative potential of simulation in revolutionizing the approach to lifelong learning and growth among nurses, emphasizing the pivotal role it plays in the ever-evolving healthcare landscape of the Middle East.

Cardiovascular diseases and infections are the two main causes of mortality in Hemodialysis patients [1, 6]. Health care associated infective endocarditis among them carries higher morbidity and mortality. The following is a case series of 3 Enterococcal endocarditis in HD patients and our experience in the management.

A case of 41-year-old patient presented with left lower leg cellulitis, laboratory investigations showed elevated CK levels of more than 193000 U/L, high pancreatic enzymes level namely amylase & lipase, significant electrolyte and acid base abnormalities. Diagnosis of Rhabdomyolysis made based on CK level results in acute pancreatitis. This patient developed acute renal failure with all above in mind, he stayed inpatient for 19 days. The purpose of this case report is to highlight the unusually high CK with unusual association of acute pancreatitis leading to rhabdo¬myolysis and the associated morbidity.

The research aims to analyze and discover the weaknesses in regulations on criminal sanctions against perpetrators of criminal acts of corruption at this time, and the reconstruction of regulations on criminal sanctions against perpetrators of criminal acts of corruption based on the value of justice using a constructivism paradigm, through direct interviews with informants empirically supported with studies literature through theoretical steps. The research results show that the act of abuse of authority is a form or manifestation of an unlawful act regulated in Article 3 of Law Number 31 of 1999 jo. Law Number 20 of 2001. From the principles of legislative regulation, one of the reasons for the difference in criminal threats in Article 2 and Article 3 of Law Number 31 of 1999 Jo. Law Number 20 of 2001 is the principle of lex specialis derogat lex generalis (specific laws exclude general laws). The difference in the threat of minimum and maximum sentences in Article 2 and Article 3 of the Corruption Crime Law results in Judges imposing different sentences for the same case. Reconstruction of criminal sanctions against perpetrators of criminal acts of corruption based on the value of justice in Article 3 of the Corruption Eradication Law, namely: Every person who, with the aim of benefiting himself or another person or a corporation, abuses the authority, opportunity or means available to him because position or position that could harm state finances or the state economy, shall be punished with life imprisonment or imprisonment for a minimum of 5 (five) years and a maximum of 20 (twenty) years and/or a fine of at least Rp. 50,000,000,- (fifty million rupiah) and a maximum of Rp. 1,000,000,000,- (one billion rupiah).

The research aims to analyze and discover the weaknesses of the regulatory authority of Bhabinkamtibmas in resolving criminal acts through the community policing strategy to realize domestic security at this time and to reconstruct the authority of Bhabinkamtibmas in resolving criminal acts through community policing strategies to realize domestic security based on restorative justice values using a constructivism paradigm, through direct interviews with informants empirically supported with studies literature through theoretical steps. Research Result Show that the Reconstruction of the regulatory authority of Bhabinkamtibmas in resolving criminal acts through a community policing strategy in order to realize domestic security based on restorative justice values can be done by reconstructing Article 15 paragraph (1) letter b of Law Number 2 of 2002 concerning the Police of the Republic of Indonesia, Article 1 number 5, Article Article 3 paragraph (1), and Article 7 of the Regulation of the Head of the National Police of the Republic of Indonesia Number 7 of 2021 concerning Bhayangkara Building Security and Public Order, and Article 1 number 3 of the Regulation of the National Police of the Republic of Indonesia Number 1 of 2021 concerning Community Policing, which is related to the authority of Bhabinkamtibmas with a community policing strategy in resolving all forms of legal violations and other forms of disturbance that can disturb the community in a fair manner with a restorative and rehabilitative approach.

Health informatics systems are indispensable implements for cultivating the eminence and effectiveness of primary health care. Health informatics systems are formed of databases and figures regarding all clinical facilities. The utilization of health informatics systems helps both healthcare providers and patients in the management of disorders and disease risks and in developing well-being. However, there are a number of challenges to the application and practice of health informatics systems in the settings of primary health care. These challenges embrace; the absence of capital and money, the absence of technical skill, the absence of user recognition and approval, information quality problems, safety and confidentiality concerns, incorporation with other systems, and interoperability deficiency. Human, cultural, and financial barriers with deficiency of technical proficiency, deficiency of a relation between clinicians and patients, worries about information privacy, absence of administration guidelines, bureaucracy, lack of training, English language barrier, the degree of workload due to the time shortness during clinical settings, infrastructure concerns e.g. availability of the electricity, computers, and internet, also high turnover in IT among healthcare are also some challenges that should be addressed. These challenges can hold back the capacity of health informatics systems to comprehend their complete perspective in primary health care. To address these challenges, it is essential to provide sufficient capital and funds, offer practice and maintenance for users, overcome information quality concerns, apply safety and confidentiality procedures, incorporate health informatics systems with other systems, and endorse interoperability. By overcoming these challenges, health informatics systems can play a major role in developing the quality and efficiency of primary health care.

Background: Most women with a singleton pregnancy of cephalic presentation at 37+ weeks or later who have had a single prior lower segment cesarean delivery, with or without a history of prior vaginal birth, are candidates for planned VBAC and may be offered it for a trial of VBAC. Objective: The objective of this study is to determine the outcome of vaginal birth after caesarean section (VBAC) in a tertiary care hospital in Sylhet. Methods: This prospective study took place between April 2022 and February 2023 and lasted for a total of eleven months. A total of sixty patients were hospitalized in the gynecology and obstetrics department at North East Medical College, all of whom had a history of either one or two previous cesarean sections and were experiencing labor pain. 43 of these patients had their deliveries through the vaginal route. The remainder of the patients had cesarean sections because of fetal distress, scar tenderness, and the patient's wish during 1st stage of labor. Results: The VBAC success rate in this study was 71.67%. Among the 43 patients, the highest number of patients, 51.2%, came from the age range of 28-37 years, followed by 21 patients (48.8%), who were in the age category of 18-27 years. The majority of the patients (24, 55.82%) were in their second pregnancy, with 10 (23.25%) in their third pregnancy and 9 (20.93%) in their more than third pregnancy. Among the 43 patients, 42 (97.7%) had a previous caesarean section, while the remaining 1 patient (2.3%) had two previous caesarean sections. Most patients (58.14%) were admitted to the hospital between 35 and 38 weeks of pregnancy. Among the participants, 97.7% had normal placenta size, 88.4% had average bleeding, 79.1% had clear liquor and 97.7% had no scar rapture. The study shows an extremely low level of complication in VBAC. Conclusion: This study identified that, the success rate of vaginal birth after one caesarean section is very high. An evidence-based systematic review suggested that planned VBAC is a safe and appropriate mode of delivery for the majority of pregnant women with a single previous lower-segment caesarean delivery.

Bronchial Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of respiratory airways that affects loads of children worldwide. It is characterized by tightening of respiratory airways, making it hard to breathe. There is no curing treatment for asthma, but its management using medication and routine modifications can be achieved. The use of online information for bronchial asthma control was recently introduced and markedly being an emergent trend of parents to manage their asthmatic children. This research discovers the probable advantages and disadvantages of using online health information for asthma management in children. This work found that online health data can be a significant resource for parents of asthmatic children. It can offer correct information about the status of the patient, therapy choices, and lifestyle modifications that can aid to control manifestations. Online health data can also support parents' connection with other parents of asthmatic children and to discover support groups. However, the study also detected that there are some disadvantages related to the use of online health information in asthma pediatric patients. Parents may be exposed to incorrect or confusing data, and they may not be able to discriminate between dependable and untrustworthy sources. Moreover, parents may depend on online information and disregard consulting with their child's physician. Generally, this work proposes that online health data can be a useful method for parents of children with asthma. Though, it is vital to use this information in a wise way and keep consulting child's physician before choosing to make any modifications to a child's treatment strategy.

Hiccups are most often benign and short-lived, but they can also be persistent (> 48h) or even refractory (> 1 month). In these cases, it impairs qualitý of life and can have serious health consequences. We report the case of a patient who consulted for chronic hiccups with absences and in whom the neurological origin was confirmed on brain MRI.

The present study aimed at A study to assess the effectiveness of back massage with Olive oil for pain relief among antenatal women during first stage of labor at Sangareddy, hospital, Ts. A quantitative evaluative research approach was used for this study. The conceptual framework used for this study was Modified Ludwig and Bertalanffy, general system theory. Random sampling technique was used to select the antenatal mother. Structured questionnaire was used to collect demographic data and Pretest and posttest pain assessment was done by using numeric pain rating scale. The discussion of the present study is based on the findings obtained from descriptive and inferential statistical analysis of collected data."

This research aims to determine the impact of financial literacy, financial behavior, and quality of learning accounting on consumptive behavior (a case study of accounting students at private universities in Jakarta). The demographic and samples for this study were from Jakarta Private Higher Education Accounting Students, wherein determining the sample, the method used was saturated sampling. The analytical method in this study uses statistical methods assisted by the SmartPLS version 3.0 program. This study's results indicate that financial behavior and the quality of learning accounting have a significant positive effect on consumptive behavior (Case Study on Accounting Students at Private Higher Education Jakarta). In contrast, financial literacy has no significant positive effect on consumptive behavior (Case Study on College Accounting Students Jakarta Private College).