The study examined resource management competencies required by Business Education graduates for engagement in small and medium-scale enterprises (SMEs) in Delta State. Two research questions were answered while two null hypotheses were tested at a 0.05 level of significance. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. The population for the study consisted of 129 subjects comprising 95 final students of Business Education, Delta State University, Abraka, and 34 managers of registered SMEs in Ethiope East LGA of the state. Census sampling techniques were used to sample the entire population of 129 respondents. The instrument for data collection was a structured questionnaire on the resources management competencies of graduates for engagement in SMEs. The instrument was validated by three experts. The Cronbach Alpha reliability method was used to ascertain the reliability of the instrument which yielded a Cronbach alpha coefficient of 0.83 for the entire research instrument. The data for the study were collected with the help of three research assistants. Out of the 129 copies of the questionnaire administered, 116 were retrieved and completely filled representing a 90.0% rate of return. Data collected were analyzed using means for answering the research questions. The null hypotheses were tested using t-test statistics. From the data collected and analyzed, the study identified: 11 financial resource management competencies and 18 human resource management competencies required by Business education graduates for engagement in small and medium-scale enterprises in Ethiope East LGA of Delta State. The results of the hypotheses tested showed no significant (p≤0.05) differences in the mean ratings of Business education students and managers of SMEs on financial resources management competencies whereas, there were significant (p≤0.05) differences in the mean ratings of respondents on human resource management competencies. Based on the findings, the study recommended among others, that the governments of Delta State should help package the identified resource management competencies into teachable programmes for training other University, Polytechnic, and College of Education graduates and retraining existing SME operators for economic success in the state.

The main purpose of the study was to determine the influence of school climate on the administration of technical colleges for sustainable skill development in Anambra State. The study was guided by three research questions and three null hypotheses. A descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. The population for the study was 37 comprised of principals and vice principals in the eight technical college in Anambra State. The instrument used for data collection was a 27 item structured questionnaire grouped into four sections. The instrument was validated, and reliability of the instrument was determined using Cronbach Alpha which yielded 0.71. Out of 37 copies of the questionnaire distributed 33 were properly filled and returned representing 89.19% return rate. Mean, standard deviation and t-test statistics were the statistical tools used for data analysis. From the result of data analysis, the study identified that school climates have influence on the administration of technical colleges for sustainable skill development. The study found that open school climate, close school climate and paternal school climate affects the administration of sustainable skill development. The findings of the study showed that there is no significant difference in the mean rating of experienced and less experienced administrators on the identified influence of school climate on the administration of technical colleges for sustainable skill development. Based on the findings, recommendations were made which include; technical college administrators should adopt and implement a healthy climate for sustainability of skill development programmes in their schools and open school climate should be implemented as it adopts collaborative team work and participatory in leadership decision making and goal attainment.

Background: Understanding the clinical status of patients with meningothelial meningioma is crucial for accurate prognosis, treatment planning, and monitoring disease progression. Numerous factors, including tumor characteristics, patient demographics, and histopathological features, contribute to the clinical status and overall management of these patients. Objective: To assess the clinical status of meningothelial meningioma patients. Method: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out at the Department of Pathology, Dhaka Medical College over a period of two years from January 2018 to December 2019. A total of 60 Patient of any age group with histologically diagnosed meningiomas of the central nervous system were included as a sample population. During the collection of specimen, all relevant information were recorded systematically in a prepared proforma. All the cases were numbered chronologically and the same number was given to H&E as well as in immunohistochemically stained slides. Results: During the study, majority were belong to 51-60 years and 61-70 years age group, 26.7% and majority were female, 70%. It revealed that maximum lesions (86.7%) were at brain and 13.3% were at the spinal cord. It was observed that meningioma was widely distributed throughout the CNS. Majority of the lesions were at the parietal region (28.3%). 18.3% lesions were at frontal region. Plus, according to the tumor grade, It was observed that more than three fourth (80.5%) patients had grade I tumor, 17.8 % patients had grade II tumor and 1.7 % patients had grade III tumor. Moreover, that 55% cases were meningothelial meningioma and 8 (13.3%) patients had atypical meningioma. Conclusion: In our study, maximum patients had lesions were at brain which was widely distributed throughout the CNS. Plus, more than three fourth patients had grade I tumor where meningothelial meningioma was most common.

Panchakarma is unique and super specialized therapy in the Ayurveda. It is very particular and result oriented natural therapy of body purification. Panchakarma includes five natural methods of Purification or elimination viz, Vaman, Virechan, Basti, Nasya and Raktamokshana. Panchakarma therapy has promotive, preventive and curative approach towards curing various disorders in Shalakya Tantra. Shalakya Tantra is one of the important aspects of the Ayurveda which deals with the treatment of disease associated with body parts above the neck i.e.,Netra (eye), Karna (ear), Nasika (nose), Kantha (throat), Aushtha (lips), Danta (teeth), Dantamoola (root of teeth), Jihwa (tongue), Taalu (palate), Kantha (throat), Sarvasar (mouth) and Shira or Kapala (head). Four out of five sense organs are included in Shalakya Tantra, so it is very important to protect them from diseases and also maintain their proper functioning. Administration of drugs by the Nasal route is termed as Nasya. Panchakarma is the most essential part of Ayurveda treatments. For administration of medicine, different routes are used in Ayurveda, but to reach the “Shira” (Head) it is difficult with other routes, there by the “Nasya” Karma was developed. Nasya Procedure is to eliminate vitiated Kapha Dosha associated Pitta disorders or diseases originating or settled in the place of Kapha.

Purpose: The study aimed to identify the Musculoskeletal problem among the third-gender population in Dhaka. Objective: This study’s objective was to find out socio-demographic information, and Musculoskeletal problems among the third-gender population in Dhaka. Methodology: This study was performed in a cross-sectional study design. This study was conducted to determine the Musculoskeletal problem among the third-gender population. This study’s sample was collected through a convenience sampling procedure and a total sample of 62. The data was collected from the different areas across Dhaka. The data collection process was a questionnaire with a face-to-face interview. Data was analyzed with Microsoft Office, and Excel 2019 using the SPSS 25 version software program and test use of study chi- square test. Result: This study’s participant means and standard deviation of participant age where are Mean ±SD= 30.90±10.710; About (45%) third gender age 18-27 years; (32%) age 28-37 years; (12%) age 38-47 years; and 11% more than 47 years. 72.6% were male sex at birth and 27.4% were female sex at birth. Around (14.50%) of them live in rural areas, 4.80%) are semi-urban and (80.60%) are from urban areas. (53.2%) were experiencing pain in the different body parts. 21.2% neck pain, 15.2% shoulder pain, 6.1% elbow pain, 39.4% knee, and 39.4% hip pain. severity level was mild pain felt at 8.10%, moderate pain experienced at 27.40% and 17.70% suffered from severe pain. Conclusion: The database revealed a significant prevalence of musculoskeletal issues (53.2%), primarily affecting the hip and knee. To enhance accuracy, employing a standardized observation tool is recommended. Further research, including larger samples among the third gender in Bangladesh, is essential for robust decision-making and increased awareness.

The main aim and objective of Ayurved is “Swasthyasya Swasthya Rakshnam” “Aaturasya Vikara Prasamanam” Which means maintaining the health of a healthy person, prevention of disease and curing the disease of ailing person. The Shalakyatantra, a part of Astanga Ayurved, deals with the disease above throat. It includes the disease and treatment of Netra, Karna, Nasa, Kantha, Mukha, Danta and Siro-Kapala Gata Roga. Sansamana (conservative), Samsodhana (Panchakarma) and the Shastra chikitsa (surgical procedures) are the essential treatment modalities followed to treat a disease. Panchakarma is a branch of Ayurveda, meant for the removal of vitiated Dosha, Mala or toxic part of body and balances Dosha-Dushya through, Vamana, Virechana, Nashya, Basti, Rakta Mokshana etc. In the disease like Abhisyanda, Adhimantha, Timira, Danta Nadi, Upakusha and Dusthapratishyaya, most of the Panchakarma therapies are indicated according to their severity of the disease. In practice the patient, who undergoes Panchakarma or Sodhana Chikitsa shows better result than the patient treated without Sodhanakarma. it is the process, which gets the root cause of the problem, and correct the essential balance of Tridosha in the body. Therefore, increasing and mainstreaming the Panchakarma procedure in Shalakya Tantra will definitely provide an effective and satisfactory outcome in Urdhwajatrugata disorders. Now a days ENT & Ophthalmic diseases are major concerned because patient could not want to go for surgical procedure. Looking towards Ayurved, there are lot of Panchakarma Procedures are advocated for this disorders.

This study aims to analyze how return on assets can be influenced by the level of financial leverage and operating efficiency at state-owned commercial banks in Indonesia. Case studies were conducted on 4 (four) state-owned commercial banks in Indonesia based on data from 2011-2022 with a sample size of 48 observation data. Data is collected from the annual report of each state-owned commercial bank which is processed based on accounting metrics. Data analysis was carried out based on a quantitative descriptive approach using panel data regression. The results showed that return on assets is simultaneously influenced by financial leverage. Partially, any increase in return on assets can be explained by increased financial leverage which is managed effectively, and more efficient bank operations.

In communities governed by customary law, the position of the land is crucial, so it is important to take care of any land that has been granted usage rights to its residents. The research objective is to analyze the concept of abandoned land in customary law communities as a foundation for national land law. The type of research used is normative legal research using secondary data to be further analyzed descriptively qualitatively. The results of the research show that the emphasis on abandoned land criteria in customary law is more on the length of time the land is not used, so that the physical land becomes unmaintained, as if it is no man's land. If the obligation to maintain and use the land is not fulfilled properly, accompanied by sanctions against some indigenous peoples, the party who neglects the land for some time will no longer be given management rights over customary land, even if they submit an application to the customary institution again. Meanwhile, customary lands that have been abandoned and returned to the control of the alliance are then used by customary institutions either by giving them to members of the customary law community or external parties who meet the requirements of the customary law community. The concept of abandoned land that exists in customary law is normalized in national land law, requiring that a new area of land rights can be declared abandoned if there is an element of intent. Even this is not instantaneous because through a series of processes to identify the land that was allegedly deliberately abandoned until the government issued a stipulation of the land as abandoned land.

The education system in Kenya plays a crucial role in shaping the country's socio-economic development and human capital. This paper provides an overview of the education system in Kenya, highlighting its structure, key components, challenges, and recent reforms from a historical perspective. The education system consists of three levels namely primary, secondary, and tertiary education. Primary education is compulsory and caters to children aged 6 to 14 years, while secondary education is divided into two cycles: junior secondary (14 to 17 years) and senior secondary (18 to 19 years). Tertiary education includes universities, technical and vocational institutions, and middle-level colleges. In recent years, Kenya has implemented several reforms to address challenges facing education and enhance its quality and standards. Furthermore, the curriculum has undergone significant revisions to align with the changing needs of the job market and the global economy. Emphasis has been placed on STEM subjects namely Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics, as well as technical and vocational education and training (TVET) to foster skills development and entrepreneurship. Despite these positive changes and several challenges, Kenya can continue to foster a well-educated populace capable of driving sustainable development and economic growth in the country.

Background: The use of hormonal contraceptives is on the increase among women of reproductive age in Nigeria. In this study effort was made to examine the influence of combined oral contraceptives on some Red blood cell (RBC) parameters in women attending family planning unit. Materials and Methods: Data for this study were obtained through questionnaire administered on one hundred and twenty (120) respondents who were randomly purposively selected. The subjects blood samples were collected and analysed using appropriate techniques. One way ANOVA was adopted as statistical analysis method for the study. Results and Discussions: It was observed that while combined oral contraceptives therapy caused reduction in MCV value, MCHC was significantly raised. The significant increase in haematocrit value coupled with con-comitant reduction in haemoglobin concentration in circulation as reported by this study is of great advantage in terms of oxygen carrying and delivery capacity of red blood cells and maintenance of normal function in individuals. Conclusion: The combined oral contraceptives does not show the capacity of inducing anaemia in users.

Evaluating the content of the curriculum of economic management in order to serve the adjustment and development of curriculum, renewing the training in the field of Economic Management is one of the key tasks in the development strategy of the National Academy of Public Administration in the period of 2023-2030. In recent years, the economic management industry is one of the industries with a high degree of attracting human resources. The curriculum of Economic Management has been introduced into the organization to teach for 3 courses, has undergone 2 major training program development times from the annual training program to the academic program according to the credit studying curriculum. Through the process of organizing and implementing the curriculum, it will show positive results, besides, it will also show negative and limited results. The assessment of the current status of the Economic Management curriculum will be an important basis in the adjustment and development the curriculum of the Faculty of Economic Management and the University in the coming time.

Acute cholangitis is defined by an infection of the bile ducts due to an obstacle preventing bile flow. It is a diagnostic and therapeutic emergency. Aim of the Study: Report epidemiological, etiological, therapeutic and evolutionary cholangitis. Materials: This is a descriptive prospective study, spanning a period from September 2020 to April 2023. Patients with acute cholangitis were included. Results: We collected 102 cases. The average age was 63 years old with a Sex ratio M/W: 1.37. 18 patients (17.6%) had a history of cholecystectomy. Abdominal ultrasound was sufficient to visualize the obstruction in 32 (32%) patients. The lithiasic origin was revealed in 54 (53%) cases, pancreatic head tumor in 16 (15.7%), cholangiocarcinoma in 17 (16.6%), ruptured hydatid cyst in the biliary tract in 7 (7%). 100 (98%) patients benefited from endoscopic treatment and 2 (2%) benefited from surgical treatment. Endoscopic biliary sphincterotomy was performed in 84 (84%) patients and sphincteroclasia in 9 (9%) patients. Extraction of the stones or hydatid membranes by balloon was performed in 55 (55%) cases. Mechanical lithotricy was necessary in 1 (1%) case. A biliary prosthesis was placed in 52 (52%) patients (Picture 3). The single-stage success rate was obtained in 91 (91%) cases, 8 patients (8%) required a second stage. The early complication rate after endoscopic managment was 10% (n=10) with a death rate of 5% (n=5). Conclusion: Acute cholangitis remains a severe condition requiring urgent treatment. The prognosis has clearly improved after the advent of interventional endoscopy giving satisfactory results. Our study had shown with a technical success rate of 92.7% and a general success rate of 95%.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the impact of different meal compositions on glycemic control in healthy adults in the University of Port Harcourt by examining the order and combination of carbohydrate and vegetable consumption. Method: A randomized crossover trial was conducted with 30 male and female participants. Three groups were formed, each consuming meals consisting of carbohydrates and vegetables in different sequences. Continuous glucose monitoring and postprandial glucose tests were employed to assess blood glucose levels. The glycemic index (GI) of the meals was also determined. Results: Participants who consumed vegetables before carbohydrates exhibited significantly lower mean glucose levels compared to the other groups. The Vegetable before Carbohydrate group demonstrated a lower overall glycemic response, as indicated by the lower GI values at various time intervals. Conclusion: The findings suggest that consuming vegetables before carbohydrates can lead to better glycemic control in healthy adults. The order of food consumption plays a role in regulating postprandial blood glucose levels. Including vegetables, which have a low glycemic index, in carbohydrate meals can mitigate rapid spikes in blood glucose levels.

Primary intestinal lymphangiectasia (PIL) is a rare disorder in children and it is more exceptional in adults. PIL is caused by a diffuse or localized dilatation and/or rupture of intestinal lymphatic vessels in the mucosa, submucosa, or subserosa due to high pressure in lymphatic vessels. The diagnosis is made on clinical grounds with the support of small bowel biopsies. The following report present a case of intestinal lymphangiectasia revealed by capsule endoscopy examination. This work shows that standard EGD and colonoscopy may miss characteristic lesions of PIL, and capsule endoscopy (or enteroscopy) may be required for the diagnosis because lesions are typically located in distal duodenum/jejunoileum.

Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection is one of the most prevalent infections worldwide, contributing to inflammation of the gastric mucosa which is of great interest given its involvement in many gastroduodenal pathologies and some extra-digestive diseases. Aim of the Study: Report the incidence of HP from the endoscopy and anatomopathology register. Methods: This is a descriptive retrospective study performed during a period from January 2019 to November 2022, based on data from the endoscopy and anatomopathology register. We included all patients over 16 years of age who underwent esophago-gastroduodenal fibroscopy (EGD) with gastric biopsies performed according to the Sydney protocol. Results: 903 patients were included in our study. The incidence of HP infection was 60% (n=541).The average age was 50 years [17-90], the Sex Ratio W/M: 1.3, the most frequent symptom was represented by epigastralgia. The esophago-gastroduodenal fibroscopy had objectified an erythemato-congestive gastric mucosa in 481 (89%) of the cases, erythemato-whitish in 27 (5%), nodular in 16 (3%) and it was normal in 16 (3%) of the cases. On anatomopathological study, the gastritis was antro-fundal, antral and fundal in respectively 487 (90%), 43 (8%) and 11 (2%) of the cases. The intensity of gastritis was mild in 6.8%, moderate in 92% and severe in 1.2% of patients. Gastritis activity was absent in 6 (1.1%), mild in 74 (13.8%), moderate in 455 (84.1%) and severe in 5 (1%) cases. The density of HP was mild in 75 (14%), moderate in 437 (80.8%), and severe in 28 (5.2%) cases. Intestinal metaplasia was observed in only 9 cases (1.7%), as for dysplasia, it was not identified in any of our patients. Adenocarcinoma was revealed in 9 (1.7%) patients. Conclusion: The results of our study indicate an incidence of 60% (n=541). The association of chronic gastritis was important. Its pathogenic role has been revealed in many gastroduodenal pathologies in particular gastric cancer objectified in our series in 1.7% of cases, hence the interest in researching HP infection and its eradication.