Healthcare-associated infections continue to be a major problem that endangers patient safety, especially for critically ill hospitalized patients. Reducing the risk of this infection can be achieved through improving compliance with infection control guidelines and identifying and controlling the associated factors. This study aim to investigate factors impacting compliance with infection control guidelines and increasing the risk of healthcare-associated infections in neonatal intensive care units. A qualitative approach, a one-to-one interview design, was used, between April 15 and May 15, 2021, to interview ten participants who worked in the neonatal intensive care unit at a Saudi Arabian referral hospital. Through data analysis, two major themes and four sub-themes were found, which include a factor related to the workforce (shortage of staff and lack of knowledge) and factors related to the workplace (shortage of supplies and lack of monitoring). In conclusion, healthcare-associated infections in neonatal intensive care units are a serious issue that could lead to an increase in mortality and morbidity rates among patients. Thus, healthcare settings' commitment to improve compliance with the infection control guidelines is essential to lowering the incidence of healthcare-associated infections. This can be achieved through proper staffing, sufficient supplies, and effective monitoring.

Neurofibroma is a benign tumor characterized by perineural fibroblast proliferation. It is common in the head and neck region but rare in the oral cavity. Most of these lesions are asymptomatic but sometimes may be associated with pain and paraesthesia. Neurofibromas with atypical features are quite rare and only a few cases are reported in literature. Here is a case of a female patient presented with pain and swelling in the anterior maxilla, which was clinically diagnosed as a periapical cyst. Radiographic evaluation of the lesion revealed dilated incisive canal and a Nasopalatine duct cyst was suspected. The patient was advised to take antibiotics for one week. The symptoms were sustained in the follow-up visit and an incision biopsy was made. Microscopic examination revealed pleomorphic spindled and round cells. Immunohistochemistry was performed to identify the origin of these pleomorphic cells. Based on the histopathological examination, special staining, and immunohistochemistry, we concluded the diagnosis as neurofibroma with atypical features. The current case emphasizes the significance of clinical, radiological, histopathological, and immunohistochemical evaluation of oral lesions. The presence of atypical features in Neurofibroma must be considered cautiously as as it is more prone to progress into Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor (MPNST).

Benefiting from the progression of science and technology, an increasing number of enterprises begin to delve into the construction of corporate identity through their official websites, regarded as an international door today. The researches about the building of corporate images takes a large amount of shareholdings in academic area. Notwithstanding, there are only few scholars studying the portray of the profile from an intercultural perspective with “About us” section in company websites as the data. With the help of the corpus analytic tool AntConc, this paper intends to discuss the common and distinctive corporate identities of Fin-Tech unicorns in China and the US respectively which are manifested in high-frequency vocabulary, key words, communication strategy and style. It is discovered that the common identities include international financial technology companies, payment services provider and caring about consumers. Apart from this, CF takes the mixture of proactive and reactive strategy in building its images and tends to be more impersonal and hierarchical in communication style. The proactive strategy and casual communication style constitute to the construction of UF’s identities. From the cultural perspective, CF expresses all of the cultural dimensions specific in China except that of masculinity and femininity and the situation of UF is the same with CF. CF should endeavor to narrow the cultural gap thorough applying effective intercultural communication strategies and keep in line with the local culture. In this way, CF might be able to grab the chances along with the advance of globalization.

The development of computer automatic assessment and corpus linguistics has provided a new research idea for translation quality assessment. This paper reviews the current situation of translation quality assessment at home and abroad and its application in translation teaching. Findings are that most of the current translation quality assessments are static, and the empirical research applied in translation teaching is not sufficient. Therefore, how to make the assessment model of translation quality keep pace with translation teachers and learners’ needs is an unavoidable issue that cannot be ignored in the future translation quality assessment research.

PV panels are installed in an open-spaced setting and then exposed to dust, dirt, and debris which significantly reduce their power output, making regular cleaning essential. Therefore, this research developed an automatic cleaning system for solar panels to enhance their efficiency and performance. The developed system utilizes an Arduino microcontroller, a lead screw mechanism, and a cleaning arm to automate the cleaning process. The system is designed to automatically control the cleaning system wirelessly using a Wi-Fi module that has been integrated on the Arduino board, and when the solar panels require cleaning, it activates the cleaning arm to remove the accumulated dirt. This research project involves the design, development, and implementation of the automatic cleaning system. The components used in the system include a PC817 optocoupler, C815 limit switch, Nodemcu microcontroller, DC wiper motor (12V), screw mechanism, metallic frame, solar panels, and a DC power supply (12V). These components are carefully selected to ensure efficient and reliable operation of the cleaning system. The system performance for both cleaning and dusty panels has been evaluated and it was found that the efficiency for the cleaning system is higher with output power of 53.69W. The developed system can be used to enhance the PV module performance areas where the weather can be classified as dusty and the pollutants are increasing day by day as a result of smokes, industrial work and new building construction.

Developing countries experienced insufficient levels of physical activity, particularly Saudi Arabia. In recent decades, Saudi Arabia has been experiencing a significant change in economy, urbanization, modernization, extensive and rapid demographic changes, and lifestyle transformation. These changes had negatively increased sedentary behaviors, inactivity physical activity, and lifestyle. Physical inactivity increases the risk of non-communicable and disease chronic diseases. Objectives: To highlight the gap in information such as gender inequality, cultural sensitivity, and social norms, including geography. Methods: Saudi Digital library, Google scholar, and UOW library. The terms used are “physical activity”, and “exercise” and research strategy were also adopted. Results: The recent Household Sports Practice Survey Bulletin in 2019 showed significant inequality between males and females. Also, the data showed different results relative to school type and gender. There are specific socio-cultural factors that limit women to participate in physical activities. Females have a low rate of total labor participants in the country. Geographical factors should be considered when establishing a promotion plan for physical activity, and there are no studies that focus on the effect of climate on participation in physical activity. Conclusion: The Saudi country has commenced numerous initiatives to improve people's health and well-being, and hopes to achieve this by 2030. It is important to build a community health center for females because there is a segregation policy to separate males from females in public places and workplaces. Having a national policy or promotion plan and collaborating with government parties is important. In addition, monitoring and evaluating the programs is important to ensure their success.

Background: The utilization of orthodontic aligners for treating various malocclusions has significantly increased in recent years. However, there is uncertainty regarding the evidence supporting their effectiveness in correcting anterior open bite. Objective: The purpose of this study was to systematically review the literature and evaluate the clinical effectiveness of clear aligners in correcting anterior open bite based on the available evidence. Materials and methods: A total of three databases (Pubmed, Sciences Direct and Google Scholar) were searched until March 2023, in addition to a manual search in the following journals: the American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, The Angle Orthodontist, and the European Journal of Orthodontics. Prospective and retrospective studies assessing the ability of aligners in achieving incisal extrusion and molar intrusion movements published during the last 10 years in English were eligible to be selected. Study selection and data extraction were undertaken independently by two reviewers. Risk-of-bias (RoB) assessment was evaluated using the study quality assesment tool of NHLBI, NIH. The reporting of this review was based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Results: Nineteen relevant articles were included in the analysis, comprising four prospective non-randomized and fifteen retrospective non-randomized studies. Among these, four studies compared the efficacy of aligners versus fixed appliances in correcting anterior open bite, while fourteen papers evaluated the overall effectiveness of aligners in treating this malocclusion. The risk of bias was categorized as high in one study, moderate in eight studies, and low in ten studies. Extrusion was found to be easily achievable with aligners, with the actual quantity of extrusion often surpassing predictions in the majority of studies. The mean reported extrusion amounted to 1.8mm. Additionally, the mean reported intrusion was 0.75mm. Conclusion: It is evident that aligners are an effective option for the treatment of anterior open bite, this effectiveness is achieved by combining the extrusion and palatal tipping of the anterior segments with the intrusion of the lateral segments, resulting in a counterclockwise rotation of the mandible. Moreover, aligner treatment may be a valid alternative to conventional orthodontic therapy, but it does not appear to provide better control over the vertical dimension compared to fixed orthodontic appliances in adult patients.

Background: Researchers now have unprecedented access to low-latency data at affordable prices thanks to social media's widespread acceptance and continuous use. Given how often food is discussed and uploaded on social media, nutrition research may find this to be of special interest. Objectives: To summarize current published evidence on the impact of social media on fast food consumption and increased bad nutritional habits. Methods: PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and Science Direct were systematically searched for relevant literature. Rayyan QRCI was employed throughout this comprehensive process. Results & Interpretation: We included six studies with a total of 10988 participants, and 5899 (53.7%) were females. The reported rate of using social media ranged from 72.9% [15] to 95.9% [17]. The average daily usage of social media and the choices and behaviours related to fast food were found to be strongly correlated. The activity that most negatively impacted children's eating habits was watching food videos. Due to the previously identified connections between conventional forms of food marketing and children's eating habits, food marketing is controlled or prohibited in the majority of Western nations. In general, social media has a negative impact on people's relationship with food and how they view their bodies.

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of the United States has approved drugs for sale in the country only if they are both safe and effective, meaning that the advantages of the medication must outweigh any known hazards. But over-the-counter (OTC) and prescription medications also have negative effects. (FDA) reactions, sometimes referred to as side effects, are undesired side effects that may be connected to a medication. Side effects can range in severity from little issues like a runny nose to potentially fatal situations like heart attack and in some case may lead to death. Age, use of other drugs, vitamins, or diet supplement, amount of drug, and route of administration can affect on degree of side effect as in IM or IV adverse effect is faster and stronger to appear than in oral route. According to laboratory tests, many tests have been done to detect impact of drug on body. In drugs cause liver failure tests appear elevated in liver enzyme as alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST). In kidney failure laboratory test indicate elevated in lipase and amylase serum.in drugs high cholesterol level such beta blocker, prednisone, and anabolic steroid in lab test detect high cholesterol level above 200mg\dl. Drugs elevate blood glucose as statins, corticosteroid, and beta blocker indicated elevation of blood glucose level above the normal. Analytical methods can consider also laboratory method as have been done in labs, it help in identification and separation of drugs so identify the drug these analytical method as spectrophotometry, gas chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

Advertisement is an important tool of businessmen, producers and sellers, which is used in variety of ways to attract consumer’s attention towards the product. This study tries to explore the specific effect of on-line advertisement on consumer behaviour by making a case study of college students in Changsha (Hunan). The study applied mix method approach for collection of data and observations on consumer behaviour and advertisement. A total of 661 students were interviewed by using structured questionnaire and more than 14 students were taken for in-depth interviews, case studies and moreover two focus group studies were conducted in the university. The findings indicate that there's a strong positive association between on-line advertisement and consumer behaviour. The factors such as ads compositions, ad recall, duration of page visit and ad content were the primary determinants influencing consumer preference for on-line advertisement. The results of focus group discussions and case studies revealed that individuals were more inclined to those ads and products which include their favourite celebrity and an amazing story that impress the viewer and made his/her preference towards the advertisement. On the basis of results, the study suggested that ads should be short, conclusive and has a short amazing story and a celebrity to attract more consumers’ attention to the product.

Introduction: Intra uterine fetal death is always an unacceptable event not only by the expecting mother and family but also by the obstetrician. Both the woman & the obstetrician become desperate to know the cause of IUFD & its prevention in future pregnancy. In more than 50% cases causes of fetal death cannot be determined. Objective: To identify common risk factors associated with IUFD. Methods: It was a cross sectional study was conducted in the department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Rangpur Medical College Hospital, Rangpur over the period of 6 months dated from July 2017 to December 2017. Sample size: 50 cases. All pregnant woman after 28 weeks of gestational age who were admitted in antenatal ward of the Gynae & Obstetric department of Rangpur Medical College Hospital, Rangpur. During the study period all the patients with IUFD & Fetuses who does not show any signs of births were the study population of this study. Result: Total 50 patients included in your study. Table-I shows that most of the women with IUFD cases fall in the age group of 20-30years 76% and 72% of women had primary level of education. Most of the patient 70%were from middle class. All were housewife. Majority (88%) were from rural area. Majority 52% were primigravida, 50% were>36weeks of gestational age, history of abortion were in 14% cases & IUFD in 04% cases. None of the patient took regular antenatal care, most of the Patient (72%) took irregular ANC, and 28% of patient did not take any ANC. Hypertensive disorder was the major risk factors 34% which include chr. HTN. 08%, preeclampsia 10% & eclampsia 16%, Other risk factors were PROM 16%, Prolong labor and obstructed labour 12%, GDM 06%, Rupture uterus with previous C/S 10%, Placental factor 08%, Cord prolapse 06%, Severe IUGR 04%, no risk factors found in 04% cases. 72% of the cases had mild anaemia, 60% were normotensive & 40% had high blood pressure, Scar tenderness were found in 20% cases who had H/O C/S. the patient 58% had Hb% 08-10gm/dl, all were Rh+ve mother, PPBS raised in 06% cases. In USG liquor volume normal 20%, mild to moderate oligohydramnios in 44%, moderate to severe oligohydramnios in 20% & severe oligohydramnios in 16% cases. Shows vaginal delivery had occurred in 86% cases. 14% need operative intervention among which 10% laparotomy were due to rupture uterus & 04% LSCS were due to scar tenderness. Maternal outcome in 84% cases were uneventful. Wound infection occured in 12% cases & Puerperial sepsis occurred in 04% cases. Conclusions: PIH, PROM were leading causes of IUFD. Majority of women who had IUFD were emergency admission who had not received adequate antenatal care. A significant proportion of IUFD is preventable by health education to patients and community for regular antenatal care, about warning signs during antenatal period, hospital delivery and early referral.

Background: One of the most serious acute metabolic complications of type 1 diabetes (T1D) is diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), which is characterised by acidosis, ketosis, and frequently hyperglycemia. Objectives: To summarize the recent epidemiological data and risk factors for developing DKA in adult T1D patients. Methods: PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and Science Direct were systematically searched for relevant literature. Rayyan QRCI was employed throughout this comprehensive process. Results & interpretation: We included eleven studies with a total of 104388 participants, and 52733 (50.5%) were males. The incidence of DKA in patients with T1D ranged from 2% to 64.8%. Risk factors for developing DKA included non-adherence, alcohol, higher HbA1c levels, longer-term diabetes, teenage age group, female gender, associated comorbid conditions, and intake of fat and carbohydrates. It's interesting to note that despair, drug misuse, and social deprivation are prevalent among DKA patients who are admitted. Consuming fibre and using freeStyle Libre protected T1D patients from developing DKA. Future research is obviously needed to provide a more comprehensive description of the epidemiology of DKA among adult T1D patients.

The purpose of study was to find out the effects of low Intensity plyometric training combined with aerobic training on explosive power of school kabaddi players. To achieve the purpose of the study, thirty school kabaddi players in, Alagappa Fitness foundation, Karaikudi, Tamilnadu were selected as subject at random and their age group range between 13 to 15 years. The study was formulated as pre and posttest random group design, in which thirty subject were divided into three equal groups. The experimental group-1(n=10, LI-PT) underwent low intensity plyometric Training. The experimental group-2 (n=10, LI- PT-AT) underwent low intensity plyometric training combined with aerobic training and group 3 served as control group (n=10, CG) did not undergo any specific training. In this study, two training programme were adopted as independent variable, i.e., low intensity plyometric training, and low intensity plyometric training combined with aerobic training. The explosive power was selected as dependent variables, it was tested by vertical jump test. The selected two treatment groups were performed three days in a week for the period of eight weeks, as per the stipulated training program. The selected performance parameters were collected before and after the training period. The collected pre and post data was critically analyzed with apt statistical tool of analysis of co-variance, for observed the significant adjusted post-test mean difference of three groups with respect to each parameter. The scheffe’s post hoc test was used to find out pair-wise comparisons between groups with respect to each parameter. To test the hypothesis 0.05 level of significant was fixed in this study. The results proved that the selected both training produce significant improvement on explosive power rather than the control group. However, plyometric training combined with aerobic training have produced greater improvement on explosive power than the plyometric training alone.

Liver illnesses that run in families might start childhood with cholestatic jaundice and proceed to severe hepatic dysfunction. Although congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infection can initially affect the liver in otherwise healthy hosts, chronic hepatitis is rare. We present an infant with cholestatic jaudnice evolving since birth and dysmorphic facies revealing alagille syndrome, the biological tests is revealing a biological cholestasis and a CMV serology positive. The patient was treated for 3 months.

Background: Several research endeavours have endeavoured to evaluate the impact of smoking on the physiology of male and female reproduction. Encompassing sperm parameters, male reproductive architecture, and the male hormonal axes. However, the outcomes have been conflicting and ambiguous. Objectives: To investigate the published literature on the effect of smoking on female and male reproductive health. Methods: PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and Science Direct were systematically searched for relevant literature. Rayyan QRCI was employed throughout this comprehensive process. Results & interpretation: We included thirteen studies with a total of 10092 participants; 4419 (43.8%) were males, and 5673 (56.2%) were females. Smoking is a risk factor in and of itself for male reproductive health. This is more likely to explain smokers' elevated SHBG levels and differential activity of the seminal antioxidant system. These negative effects included abnormal semen motility, volume, count, and morphology. Additionally, smoking had no discernible impact on women's fertility or ovarian reserve, according to this study. More research is needed to determine whether stopping smoking can treat male infertility caused by these substances and to better understand how cigarette smoke affects both female and male fertility.