Saudi Journal of Engineering and Technology (SJEAT)
Volume-6 | Issue-08 | 275-289
Original Research Article
Performance Characteristics of Clove Oil, Eugenol and Eugenyl Acetate as Bio-Additives in a Single Cylinder Diesel Engine
I.M. Hadi, I.S. Sintali, H. Dandakouta, A. Tokan
Published : Aug. 30, 2021
Abstract
The performance of the fuels blends and emission levels were investigated under various operating conditions of the engine. Performance parameters like torque, brake power, brake thermal efficiency and brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) were studied. Also, carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon (HC), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), oxides of sulfur (SOx) emissions and exhaust gas temperature were investigated. The tests were carried out on a horizontal single-cylinder, 4-stroke, air-cooled, 4.00 kW engine, TD115 model. The results showed that blend of diesel and eugenyl acetate (BDEA 1.0%, 0.6% and 0.2%) gave the best performance in terms of reduced exhaust emission. The test results showed that, with decreasing speed, the torque of the engine fueled with both diesel and the blends increased with the maximum torque was recorded at 1680 rpm engine speed for BDE 0.2%. Also, there was a considerable increase in exhaust temperature with the blends compared to the diesel. The exhaust gas temperature of BDC 0.2%, 0.6%, 1.0%, BDEA 0.2% and BDEA 1.0% appeared to be similar to that of the diesel at all speed conditions. The research reveals that for a constant load of 1000 g, brake power increases with the increase in engine speed, thus a maximum brake power of 1.9 kW was obtained at 1680 rpm for BDEA 0.2%, this confirmed the results reported by researchers. There was an increase in the engine’s brake thermal efficiency when run on diesel and all the fuel blends at all speed conditions; however, BDEA 0.2% and BDEA 0.6% exhibited better combustion quality than diesel. The BSFC of the blends varied with the engine power and speed; therefore, for all the blends and diesel, consumption was high at low speed and vice-versa. The results also showed that the blends gave less CO compared to diesel. The minimum and maximum reduction of CO were 1.0 % and 1.5 % respectively of the blends, as compared to diesel. The emissions of NOx, SOx and CO2 decrease with increase in clove oil, eugenol and eugenyl acetate in the blends. All the findings compared favorably with the results of other researchers.