This study investigates various techniques for identifying and categorizing muscle fiber composition, highlighting both invasive and non-invasive methods. Invasive techniques, such as muscle biopsy, provide detailed insights into muscle structure and function, utilizing histochemical staining for myosin ATPase, myosin heavy chain isoform analysis, and biochemical identification of metabolic enzymes. These methods are vital for understanding skeletal muscle fiber diversity and their exercise responses. Alternatively, non-invasive approaches, including Tensiomyography, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for muscle carnosine content, Ultrasound Imaging for muscle architecture, Genetic Analysis, and the 1-RM Test, offer valuable, less intrusive options to assess muscle function. By integrating invasive and non-invasive techniques, researchers can develop a comprehensive understanding of muscle biology, benefiting fields such as sports science, rehabilitation, and human health. Future research should explore how combining these methods can optimize personalized training and therapeutic interventions.