Background: The contamination of patient files is a serious problem that can have a negative impact on the health of patients and staff. Bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites can all contaminate medical files, which can lead to nosocomial infections. Methods: This study reviewed the literature on the contamination of patient files in hospitals. The study identified a number of factors that can contribute to contamination, including the handling of medical files by healthcare workers who are not properly washing their hands, the placement of medical files in areas where there is a lot of traffic, and the condition of medical files. Results: The study found that the contamination of medical files is associated with a number of risks, including the risk of nosocomial infections, the risk of cross-contamination between patients, and the risk of damage to medical records. Conclusion: The study concludes that it is important to take steps to prevent the contamination of medical files. These steps include educating healthcare workers on the importance of proper handwashing, developing and implementing policies and procedures for the handling of medical files, regularly inspecting medical files for signs of contamination, cleaning and disinfecting medical files that are contaminated, and using EHRs instead of paper records.