The presented study represents the different uses of strain gauge in civil infrastructure. The strain is used to measure load, deformation, resistance and strain at a specific point with strain gauge equipment. This is an experimental procedure used to measure strain by strain gauge equipment. It is more useful in now days to measure loads and deformation. Tremendous techniques and methods are there to measure strain. A gauge is also to prevent for tensile test application. It is most unique technique for beam structure of railway sleepers it carries research at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC).It is most innovative to measure cracks at specific point of structural assesment .it is use to measure `invented by Edward.E.Simmons and Arthur c. Ruge IN 1938 .The most common type of strain gauge consists foil pattern. Strain gauge is capable to measure load cantilever load. This gives the determination of the strain and stress state , and the effect of transverse effect on strain along the fibre. Sheath fold strain gauge as used to measure the strain. A novel long-gauge fiber optic sensor has been developed to measure the averaged strain within a long gauge length. A steel frame is designed to measure the existing pre stressing force in the concrete beams and slabs when embedded inside the concrete members. Strain gauge method to identify structural strain flexibility from long-gauge dynamic strain measurement.