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Saudi Journal of Nursing and Health Care (SJNHC)
Volume-6 | Issue-04 | 136-143
Original Research Article
Characteristics of the measles outbreak in 2019 in the health zone of Dungu, Haut-Uélé province, in the North-West of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Nicolas Kinamboli Kangoyangala, Augustin Kadiata Bukasa, Didier Mutoba Tshimpapa, Dieudonné Goni Mboligikpele, Michel Amohima Kasonga, Nene Kabyahura Novi, Guy Mukendi Kalonji
Published : April 29, 2023
DOI : 10.36348/sjnhc.2023.v06i04.003
Abstract
Introduction: The objective of this study is to determine the characteristics of the epidemic outbreak in the health zone of Dungu with low routine vaccination coverage of children aged 0 to 59 months in VAR, in order to contribute to the implementation specific strategies to prevent new outbreaks. Method: This is a cross-sectional and descriptive epidemiological study. It focused on an exhaustive evaluation of all cases of measles confirmed by epidemiological link declared in the Dungu health zone during the period from April to December 2019 and on the evaluation of the response implemented. A comprehensive literature review was conducted taking into account all confirmed measles cases from the period April to December 2019, residing in Dungu health zone and notified to the national health system report database. health information (SNIS) and data on the response to this epidemic. The information collected was entered on Epi Info in a mask designed for this purpose. Results: The results show that out of a total of 5616 children targeted for measles vaccination in the health zone in 2019, 2117 cases (38%) of measles were confirmed. But thanks to adequate case management and the implementation of sectoral responses, there were only 2.3% of deaths. 70% of cases were confirmed on the basis of the existence of an epidemiological link with one or more confirmed cases. Just over half of the measles cases were male, or 58%. The epidemic age peak is 13-24 months (67.4%), more than the majority of measles patients (78.9%) have never been vaccinated against measles. Only 446 measles patients, or 21%, received a dose of measles vaccine (VAR). None of the measles patients received 2 or more doses of VAR. The Moussa health area was most affected by measles, ie 38.5%, followed by Wandote 22.5% and Sambia 16.8%. Conclusion: In order to avoid such epidemics in the future, it is recommended to make parents aware of the interest of vaccination, to combine vaccination systematically with activities of vitamin A supplementation and deworming with mebendazole wormer, to organize national vaccination campaigns with the targeting of specific groups of children of Mbororo herders, children of gold miners, children from armed groups such as the LRA, children who live in areas where logging is carried out, to institute the second dose of vaccine in the school environment which makes it possible to catch up with children who have missed the first vaccination and also to correct primary vaccination failures in those who have been vaccinated.
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