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Saudi Journal of Pathology and Microbiology (SJPM)
Volume-7 | Issue-11 | 416-420
Original Research Article
WHO Grading of Central Nervous System Tumours
Dr. Ahmad Muhammad Al Zoubi, Dr. Swaroop N Shashidhar
Published : Nov. 6, 2022
DOI : 10.36348/sjpm.2022.v07i11.004
Abstract
Background: Central Nervous System tumours are diverse group of neoplasms affecting brain and spinal cord and are graded from WHO grade I to IV from less to more severity. The incidence of CNS tumours has increased in recent years in both developed and developing countries. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 CNS cases were studied and evaluated from July 2014 to July 2016 in the Department of Pathology, K S Hegde Charitable Hospital. Patient’s data was retrieved from the records. The operated specimen was histopathologically evaluated and diagnosis of CNS tumour was made with WHO grading. The data collected was analysed using statistical tools by SPSS software version 21.0. Results: The study group consisted of 100 cases of CNS tumours. Intracranial tumours accounted for 84% and spinal cord tumours were 16%. The age distribution of the patients with CNS tumours ranged from 21 days to 78 years with mean age of 47.16 years. Males (59%) were commonly affected with male to female ratio of 1.44:1. Adults (93%) were more commonly affected than paediatric age group. In the study period from July 2014 to July 2016, a total of 7800 specimens were received in histopathology, among which 100 CNS tumours were encountered. Majority of them were in WHO grade I (66.67%). Local invasion and recurrence was seen in 22.2% (4 cases each). Metastasis (6 cases) (6%) was equally distributed between brain (50%) and spinal cord (50%).They were WHO Grade IV. The primary of the metastatic tumours to brain encountered were from breast, renal cell carcinoma and colon. Metastasis to spinal cord was from lung carcinoma and plasmacytoma. 20% were WHO Grade II and remaining 7.33% was WHO Grade III. Conclusion: The incidence of metastasis to CNS has been increasing in recent years. A general awareness of clinical manifestations of CNS tumours, along with usage of advanced radiological techniques lead to early precise diagnosis and proper management.
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