Introduction: The efforts towards elimination of malaria in Nigeria is being anchored based on a policy document - the National Antimalarial Treatment Policy (NATP). This study is to assess awareness of the NATP and the level of practice of malaria self-care among medical students and the University staffs working in the Medical college/Teaching hospital. Material and Method: A descriptive study that took place at the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar involving medical students and members of the staff of the University working in the laboratories. Information was obtained from the participants through administration of structured questionnaire. Results: One hundred and thirty two (65%) were aware of the existence of national antimalarial treatment policy. One hundred and fifty two (73%) of the participants practiced malaria self-care. The association between gender and awareness of antimalarial treatment policy was statistically significant (p-value = 0.020; X2 = 5.46). The odds of being aware of antimalarial treatment policy was increased by a factor of 1.873 being a male rather than being a female (p-value = 0.61). Participants of younger age (age group 17–25) were more likely to visit Chemist shop to purchase antimalarial drug for self-medication than older participants. Conclusion: The level of awareness of the national antimalarial treatment policy was considerably high among the participants with an attendant high level of malaria self-care practices. There is room to improve on the level of awareness and to dissuade young people from practicing self-medication