In India it has been estimated that about 42 million people suffer from thyroid diseases. The prevalence of Thyroid gland disorders depend on age, sex, ethnic and geographical factors, especially on intake of iodine. Several studies have been already assessed the knowledge regarding thyroid gland among general population with or without thyroid disorder. However there is paucity of information about the thyroid knowledge among school students. Hence we conducted a study to assess the knowledge and awareness of thyroid and its disorder among students of rural area. An Observational Cross sectional study was conducted at Adichunchanagiri residential school, using random sampling, 50 students of age group 13-17 Yrs, who agreed to give the written informed consent have been considered as study-population and those who were not willing to participate in the study were excluded from the study. In the present study, students had an average knowledge about thyroid gland position and its importance. About 44% of the study population gave correct answer about the location of the thyroid gland and 54% gave correct answer about the importance of the thyroid gland in the body. With respect to thyroid gland function, study participants had very poor knowledge. 46% of the study population believe that thyroid gland function is only to regulate the body temperature. Increasing awareness of the thyroid as well as the common conditions that impact it is the first step in achieving better health for all. Our study findings reveal that the study population had an average knowledge regarding thyroid and its associated disorders. Furthermore, information about thyroid gland, its function and its disorders should be included in the curriculum of schools, colleges, and universities.