Predicting the Prognosis of Colorectal Cancer by Analysis of Haematological Parameters in Association with Histopathological Grading - In a Tertiary Care Centre
Dr. Vanishree M, Dr. Sonti Sulochana, Dr. Mathesh
Abstract
Introduction: Colorectal cancers are a major cause of cancer-related deaths around the world. The most common malignancy of the stomach, comprising more than 90% of all gastric cancers. Usually for staging colon cancers preoperatively, radiological images and multiple blood tests are used. Radiological tests, on the other hand, are both difficult and costly to use. Efficient markers are needed for early diagnostic staging in colon cancers. In our study we aim at predicting the grade of colon cancer and prognosis preoperatively by analysing the hematological parameters, which are simple, cost effective and easy to apply. Materials and method: A retrospective study was carried out in line with research regulations, including the approval of the Ethical committee. This study included 61 patients operated in tertiary care hospital during the period of January 2018 and January 2021.For the diagnosis of colorectal cancer, the clinical data was obtained from histopathology request forms, department of radiology and histopathological examination. The hematological parameters were generated from Sysmex XN 1000 autoanalyser. These hematological parameters (hemoglobin, RBC count, MPV, PLR, NLR, PCV, MCV, MCHC, RDW, Platelets, TLC, Absolute neutrophil count, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils ) were standardized by routine external and internal quality control checks. Results: In this study, gender and age distribution, female patients were predominant and age group between 51 to 60 was commonly affected. Colorectal cancer was graded based on histopathological differentiation, 19 were found to be of grade1, 27 patients of grade 2 and 15 patients of grade 3. Majority of colorectal cancer were histological grade 2. On correlation, there was significant increase in total leucocyte count, platelet count, MPV, PLR, NLR in higher grades of colorectal cancer. Moreover, there was decrease in haemoglobin, PCV, RDW in higher grades of colorectal cancer. Conclusion: Since hematological parameters are easily accessible inflammatory markers, they may be used to determine the prognosis of the colorectal cancer in association with histopathological grading of cancer.