Introduction: Caesarean section is the most common obstetric intervention in the world. The operating wound it causes can experience an unfavourable development. The objective: of this work was to compare the evolution of operative wounds in caesareans with or without dressing. Patients and methods: This was a randomized, open and controlled trial over a period of 5 months from 1st May to 30 September 2019 at the reference health centre in the commune V of Bamako district. Results: The study involved 294 patients, including 147 for each arm. We recorded 30 cases (10.2%) of infection of the operating site, including 13 (8.84%) among patients with no dressing, versus 17 (11.56%) among those with dressing without significant statistical difference (p = 0.25). The average cost of the dressing was estimated at 24,075 CFA francs (48.15 Dollars) for caesarean sections with a dressing and 3,075 CFA francs (6.15 Dollars) for those without a dressing with a difference of 21,000 FCFA (42 Dollars). In sum: We did not find a statistically significant difference in regard to the evolution of the surgical wound in the two attitudes. However, this results in a certain economic interest if the operating wound is not covered with a dressing.