Scholars International Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine (SIJTCM)
Volume-4 | Issue-06 | 122-127
Original Research Article
Phytochemicals Screening and Antimicrobial Activity of the Stem Bark Extracts of Azanzagarckeana (kola of Tula)
Mohammed AH, Mshelia E.H, Watirahyel EM, Yohanna Christopher
Published : June 22, 2021
Abstract
Azanzagarckeana known as Kola of Tula is one of the vulnerable medicinal plant of Tula people in Gombe state, North Eastern Nigeria and are usually collected from the wild. In the present study the photochemical analysis and the antimicrobial activity of the extracts of the steam bark of the plant were investigated. Methanol ethanol, acetone, petroleum ether and water were used as the extrants. Serial extraction using Soxhlet apparatus was used. The result of the study shows that the water extract indicate the presence of carbohydrate and flavonoid in appreciable amount, while the methanol extract showed the presence of flavonoid, cardiacglycoside and alkaloid in an appreciable amount. Tannins, phlobatannin, flavonoid, quinoline alkaloid were detected in the acetone extracts while saponnin and haemolytic activity were seen in appreciable quantities in the ethyl acetate extracts. The petroleum ether extract showed only steroid in an appreciable quantity. Antimicrobial activity was carried out using Disc diffusion method. Nine microorganisms; S. aureus, salmonella typi, E. coli, K. pneumonia, Klebsiella ssp, P. aeroginosa, Shigella dysentriae, Bacllus subtilis and Nissera gonorriea was used for the antimicrobial test. Ampiclox was used as standard reference drug. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts showed that the ethyl acetate extract had the best antimicrobial activities by inhibiting the growth of eight of the test organisms. The methanol and acetone extract inhibited the growth of four microorganisms whereas the water extract inhibited the growth of three organisms. The petroleum ether was the least active extract because it inhibited the growth of only one organism. E. coli, S. aureus and salmonella typhi were the most sensitive organisms because they were susceptible to three organisms each.