Medullary aplasia (MA) is a rare and severe affection. It is much rarer in children. The etiologies are multiple: constitutional, acquired, and idiopathic. In order to evaluate the epidemiological, clinical and biological aspects of bone marrow aplasia in a pediatric population, we carried out a retrospective study of 9 cases collected in the hematology department in collaboration with the department of anatomy pathology of the Hassan II CHU in Fez over a four-year period from January 2013 to December 2016. Age ranged between 1 and 14 years, with a sex ratio of 3.5. The anemic, hemorrhagic and infectious syndrome was noted respectively in: 9, 7, and 6 cases. The hemoglobin varied between 3.3 and 7.3 g/dl with an average of 5 g/dl, anemia is normochrome normocytic argenerative in all our patients. Neutropenia was found in 100% of patients, and all patients had thrombocytopenia with platelet counts ranging from 500 to 105000/mm3. The BOM-coupled myelogram was performed in all patients, confirming the diagnosis of AM. For the etiologies, Fanconi Anemia was evoked in 4 cases and idiopathic in 5 patients.