Saudi Journal of Medicine (SJM)
Volume-6 | Issue-05 | 93-98
Original Research Article
A Three Year (2017–2019) Review of Hypertension in the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH)
Godswill Melford Arugu, Charles Tobin-West, John Nwolim Paul
Published : May 24, 2021
Abstract
Aims: Include determining the prevalence of hypertension in UPTH from January 2017 to December 2019, to describe the risk factors associated with hypertension, to describe the demographic distribution of patients with hypertension and to determine the outcome of hypertension in UPTH. Study design: The study is a descriptive cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: The research was carried out at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital between January and June, 2020. Methodology: A multi-stage random sampling method was used in selecting the records of all patients admitted to the medical wards of the UPTH (between January 2017 – December 2019), with essential hypertension. The first stage involved the use of disproportionate sampling method (where each of the years, 2017-2019 constituted a stratum) to select all the hypertensive cases admitted in each of the years. Simple random sampling was then used in the second stage to select 70 samples from each year, to make up the 210 sample size. This was generated through the use of random numbers. The data were analyzed manually by sorting, tallying and collated into data sheet. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Results: There were a total of 3,200 medical admissions during the period under review (2017-2019), and the prevalence of hypertension was 16.8% (537).The records of 210 (6.6%) hypertensive patients were reviewed and analyzed. There were 109 (51.9%) males and 101 (48.1%) females with a male: female predilection of 1.1:1. The mean age was 55.7 ± 4.5 years with a mode of 62 years. Urban dwellers were 63.3% while 36.7% were rural dwellers. Also, 57.1% of these patients were in social class V (unskilled workers, farmers, traders and housewives); and only 2.9% in social class I (professionals). More so, chronic alcohol intake accounted for 16.7% of the admitted cases, followed by diabetes mellitus with 12.4%.Smoking and obesity were 1.9% each. Heart failure was the commonest complication of hypertension (39.5%), while stroke was the commonest cause of fatality (25.0%). Conclusion: Hypertension is an important health problem in the world over. Hence emphasis should be placed on the primary prevention of hypertension through intensive campaigns on lifestyle modifications and regular blood pressure checks. In addition, efficient record keeping and the establishment of a stroke registry would help in the management of hypertension.