Background: Mercury is found in liquid form at room temperature, but it has a very high vapor pressure, which causes it to be more toxic that it would be otherwise. In its gaseous state, mercury, Hg (g), is highly toxic. Because it dissolves very easily in lipids, and is absorbed very easily by red blood cells and nerve cells. The study aimed to measure of serum mercury and renal function test among case study and control. Method: Blood (serum), Personal protection equipments (PPE) such as gloves were used. Blood was drawn directly from venous port .5 ml of whole blood was collected; Samples were centrifuged at 3000-4000 RPM for 5 minutes. Serum was collected in plain containers, and then stored at refrigerator between (2-8 C). Total of 70 participant age (20 -50 years 50 as workers mining gold and 20 as control .serum collected for each participants and mercury determined by DMA-80(direct mercury analyzer) and serum urea, creatinine, uric acid by biosystem analyzer A15. Result: Results statistically analysis mercury p. value (0.001). Urea P.value (0.571). Creatinine P. value (0.022). Uric acid P.value (˂0.001). Conclusion: This study established that there is a significant increase in the levels of serum mercury and, creatinine and uric acid levels between case and normal control groups (p<0.05).The new workers are more exposed to mercury than the older workers.