Introduction: Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) has been reported as an etiological agent in many gastric disorders and contribute to Iron deficiency anemia with an increasing prevalance in developing countries. The effect of H.pylori infection on haematological diseases is not well understood. Objective: To detect the prevalence, type and severity of anemia in H.pylori positive cases and to correlate it with RBC parameters. Methods: A retrospective study was done on biopsy proven cases of H.pylori over a period of one year. RBC parameters including Hemoglobin, RBC count, PCV, MCV, MCH, MCHC and Peripheral Smear report were retrieved from the hospital software system. Patients with Hb <13gm/dl(males) and <12gm/dl(females) were considered as anemic, graded as mild, moderate and severe, based on WHO guidelines. Data was entered into excel sheet and statistical analysis was done. Results: The study included 100 H.Pylori positive cases, of which 71 were male and 29 female. Prevalence of anemia was 74%. 23 cases were microcytic hychochromic (MCHC), 37 normocytic normochromic (NCNC), 9 macrocytic and 5 dimorphic anemia. 10%, 46%, 18% and 26% had mild, moderate, severe anemia and no anemia respectively. A significant association was noted between type and severity of anemia. In MCHC anemia, all the RBC indices had significant correlation (p <0.05); others correlated with PCV and RBC counts. Conclusions: This study indicates that H.pylori infection is related to moderate degree of anemia, predominantly of NCNC type, with significant association of RBC indices to MCHC anemia. All patients diagnosed as having H.pylori infection, would hence benefit from being investigated for underlying anemia.