Since the official implementation of the One-Child Policy in 1980, China has achieved remarkable results. With the intensification of the population aging phenomenon, the economic pressure caused by the serious inconsistency between the current economic level and the population growth rate cannot be ignored, and the ratio of male and female is seriously imbalanced. In this paper, using the 2013 and 2015 China General Social Survey (CGSS) data. From a micro perspective, using the Logit model to find the impact of China's implementation of the Two-Child Policy on the fertility rate. This paper finds 3 important conclusions: (1) individual socio-economic characteristics and Two-Child Policy have significant influence on women's fertility level; (2) The implementation of the Two-Child Policy has not shown a boost to China's overall fertility in the short term. The fertility policy is not enough for China's current situation; (3) more policies should be introduced to ensure the care and education of newborns in order to reduce the “cost” of rising a child.