Nelsonia canescens is a small perennial herb widely used in Burkina Faso traditional medicine for the treatment of any diseases. In the present study, the purpose was to investigate the potential cytotoxicity and selectivity of different extracts from N. canescens on human cervical cancer HeLa and SiHa cell lines. MTT assay revealed higher cytotoxic activity of methanol extract in a dose-dependent manner against both HeLa and SiHa cells with respective IC50 values of 21.72 ± 0.08 𝜇g/mL and 25.30 ± 0.44 𝜇g/mL. Methanol extract (ME) showed the best selectivity index value of 7.93 ± 0.03 with HeLa cell line and Ethyl acetate extract (EAE) showed the best selectivity index value of 7.48 ± 0.05 with SiHa. The potential cytotoxicity and selectivity of N. canescens extracts against HeLa and SiHa cells line suggest that this species could be exploited further as a potential lead in cervical cancer treatment.