Abstract: The status of oil in the world energy structure in the short term.In recent years, with the development of Chinese economy, there is an increasing demand for oil and oil exploration into the bottleneck of further development. Oil exploration in addition to the constrained by geological factors, also affected by exploration theory and exploration technique. As a result of the geological factors immutability, exploration technology and breakthrough of the theory of become the important premise of oil company found oil and gas breakthrough.And oil and gas layer identification and evaluation technique is an important link in oil and gas exploration.In this paper, we study in the process, the characteristics of petroleum geology in the study area, on the basis of in-depth understanding, optimization can accurately reflect reservoir rock hydrocarbon content and light hydrocarbon analysis of nature of the fluid (oil) as the main geochemical logging technology.