Abstract: Gallstones disease is one of the most prevalent gastrointestinal diseases with a substantial burden to healthcare systems that is supposed to increase in ageing populations at risk. Gallstones disease is one of the major surgical problems in the Sudanese population. The aim of this study was to measure serum lipids profile in Gall stone diseases, and also to evaluate the risk and demographic factors.This study was case control hospital bases study, and conducted in Khartoum teaching hospital and Ibin Sina hospital, Khartoum state. During Oct 2008 to Oct 2009. 65 Sudanese patients with gall stones which are confirmed by abdominal ultrasound scanner and underwent cholecystectomy and 50 healthy persons as a control group (matched age sex)have been studied. Serum of fasting total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol were measured using spectrophotometric methods. Results revealed that the high incidence of gallstones was more frequently among females(83.9%) relatives to males(16.1%)giving female to male ratio 4.9:1.The most affected age groups were 51-60 years (32.31%) and 41-50 years (30.77%).The majority of patients 34 (52.31%) were obese and their body mass index(BMI) 25-30.Comparison of serum lipid profile between patients and controls groups showed that the levels of serum total cholesterol and LDL-C in patients were slightly higher than that of the control group but there was no significant variation in total Cholesterol and LDL-C (p>0.05) . Furthermore, It is found that there is Highly significant difference between patients and controls groups in serum triacylglycerol and HDL-C(p<0.05) . Serum total cholesterol level of patients with CS was high compared to that of other types of patients, while the level of serum HDL-C was low of patients CS. Pigment stone (PS) was found to be the commonest comprising, followed by mixed stone and cholesterol stone. Biochemical analysis of serum lipid profile between patients and controls groups revealed significantly increase of serum triacylglycerol and HDL-C levels. Serum total cholesterol level of patients type one was high compared to that of two types of patients, while the level of serum HDL-C was low of patients type one.