The application of this light energy results in the modification or removal of tissue. Various parameters such as laser wavelength, energy level, mode of application and tissue characteristics will influence the effect of a particular laser on the tissue. With the advent of new technology lasers have taken the sheen away from scalpel particularly in most oral surgical procedures. The advantages of using the laser, however, are balanced by several significant disadvantages. However, if used safely and properly it can be a great tool to provide a modern and advanced oral health care. This article emphasizes on the principles of laser science, tissue interaction, types of lasers and their numerous clinical applications in the oral cavity.