Aim: The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of malocclusion and to investigate its correlation with caries experience in primary dentition in 3- to 5 year-old children in the region of Monastir, Tunisia. Materials and Methods: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study, which focused on children in preschool establishment in the region of Monastir, Tunisia. It consisted on an oral examination of 393 children and a data collection through a questionnaire completed by parents. The ANOVA test and the Pearson chi-square test were used to assess the relationship between the prevalence of malocclusion and caries experience in primary dentition. Results: The prevalence of ECC was 49.9 %. The prevalence of malocclusion was 17, 3%. The relationship between the prevalence of ECC and malocclusion was non-significant (p=0.578). An association was found between malocclusion and other factors such as breathing type and night time bottle feeding. Conclusion: The current study showed that the appearance of malocclusions was not associated with caries experience in primary dentition. Further studies are warranted to explore the risk factors of malocclusion in primary dentition.