Introduction: The increasing proportion of the elderly among the populations of almost all countries is presenting them and their societies with specific challenges. This rise in aged population would create new problems and challenges, requiring changes in the organization of our society. For these people, oral health promotion and protection is very essential to improve the quality of life, both physically and mentally [3]. Oral health is always an inseparable part of general health and awareness plays a vital role in determining the oral health of an individual [4]. Aim: The present study was conducted to assess the prevalence of edentulousness, the prosthetic status and prosthetic need in the population of Madhuban, Bihar, India. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among the population of Madhuban, Bihar. The sample size included 460 subjects. Belonging to an age group of 25 years and above. Result: After the examination of 460 patients. It was seen that the total of 285 were edentulous, which included partially edentulous to be 279 (60.00%) and completely edentulous to be 6(4.75 %). The data from the survey revealed the high occurrence of fixed partial denture treated patient, which was amounting to 57 out of 285, the second most prevalent were the removable partial denture which were 27 out of 285 and the least were Complete denture which were 6 out of 285. The rest of the patients without any treatment for edentulism were found to be 175. The rate of edentulism in male was more as compared to female. Conclusion: India, being an agrarian society, 72% of its total population and 80% of its geriatric population reside in rural areas [13]. In contrast, 80% of the trained dental manpower is concentrated in urban areas [14].