Smoking is recognized as one of the major risk factors for chronic periodontitis. RANKL/OPG axis is involved in the regulation of bone metabolism in periodontitis. The objective is to study the effect of smoking on salivary levels of RANKL and OPG in chronic periodontitis. Fifty five subjects with chronic periodontitis with ages range from 24-64 years and 25 apparently healthy volunteers their ages and sexes were matched with the patients were participated in this study. Patients who smoked a minimum of 10 cigarettes per day for 2 years were included in the smoker periodontitis group (25), the remainder of the patients who never smoked were assigned to the non smoker periodontitis group (30). Saliva samples were collected from all patients and control the levels of salivary level of RANKL and OPG were determined using enzyme linked immunosorbent assays. The current findings were showed that there are no significant differences in median levels of RANKL and OPG between smokers and non-smokers patients, (p>0.05). In addition there are no significant differences in ratio of RANKL/OPG between smokers and nonsmokers groups of patients (p>0.05). The present study revealed that cigarette smoking had no effect on the salivary levels of RANKL and OPG.