Sokoto Province was created over the territory of an Islamic polity called the Sokoto Caliphate. The Caliphate emerged as a product of the Sokoto Jihad of 1804. A number of Caliphs ruled the polity before it was occupied by the British colonial administrators. After the occupation and the subsequent consolidation of colonial rule, Sokoto Province was created and the Caliphal system was changed to Sultanate. Consequently, a number of Sultans ruled contributed significantly to the development of their subjects and or the Province as whole. Of all the Sultans, Sir Saddiq Abubakar III is considered to be longest and most contributory Sultan throughout the colonial and post-colonial periods. This paper examined the role and contributions of Abubakar III in the economic development of Sokoto Province.