Twenty AGR (wild African giant pouched rat) comprising of ten males and ten females were used for this study. The average weight of twenty adult African giant rats was observed to be 1058.42 ± 37.79g. The average weight of male and female AGR were observed to be 1210.00 ± 56.70g and 911.11 ± 24.50g respectively. The weight showed sexual dimorphism with the male significantly higher than the female. Gross anatomy and morphological studies of the parathyroid glands of the African giant rat revealed that parathyroid glands were two pairs situated in the lateral and inferior in position to the thyroid gland. Histological studies showed that the parathyroid glands were richly supplied with blood and the chief cells were abundant and arranged in form of cords throughout the glands. The chief cells were positive when stained with periodic acid Schiff (PAS) stain which showed that glycoprotein was present. Oxyphil cells were also present and were observed to be bigger and fewer than the chief cells.