Low back pain affects a large proportion of athletes. The purpose of this study was to perform a comprehensive review of literature regarding prevalence of low back pain, treatment, and rehabilitation with a specific exercise programme. With the information gathered a rehabilitation programme will be proposed with emphasis on specific exercises and progressions that can be used to help guide rehabilitative clinicians in their treatment and rehabilitation of the athlete with low back pain. A search of electronic databases was performed including; Pub Med, Medline, and Google Scholar. Key Words used: Spondylolysis, Lumbar stabilization, core stabilization, low back pain, athletes, exercise, and any combination of these words. Based on the search of electronic databases their does appear to be some efficacy of exercise programme established in the athletes with low back pain. However, at this time does not appear to be superior to other exercise interventions. The most effective prevention strategy seems to be exercise, specifically trunk stretching and strengthening exercises. It is not the intent of this study to create an all-encompassing approach to treating every athlete, but to give some insight into the best strategies and progressions to receive the best outcomes possible. However, further high quality studies, isolating specific primary interventions need to be completed in an attempt to reduce the burden of low back pain in athletes.