This study assessed the growth rates of cotton production in West Africa under Nigeria‟s different policy periods. Time series data for a period of fifty five years (1960-2014) was collected from secondary sources and the analytical tools used were descriptive statistics, Ordinary Least Square regression model, t-test, and Exponential Growth Rate Model. Findings showed that the instantaneous growth rates of cotton production in Nigeria are – 4.5%, 8.9%, - 1.7%, and 1.5 % for pre – SAP, SAP, post – SAP, and the entire periods respectively and the compound rates of growth of cotton production in Nigeria are – 4.4 %, 9.3%, -1.7%, and 1.5% for the pre – SAP, SAP, post – SAP, and the entire periods respectively. The compound rate of growth of cotton production in the SAP era was found to be higher than that of the pre – SAP and post – SAP periods in Nigeria. By implication, the policy reforms in the SAP period were more effective in ensuring increased growth of cotton production in the country over that of other periods. Hence, the Structural Adjustment Programmes (SAP) was beneficial to cotton farmers with its multiplier effect on increased production in Nigeria.